What changed between the adopted text of 12 Jul 2023 and the adopted text of 27 Feb 2024

Changed:(4) The Convention onGlobal BiologicalBiodiversity DiversityFramework, agreedadopted at COPthe 15fifteenth inmeeting Decemberof 2022,the Conference of the GlobalParties Biodiversityto Frameworkthe thatConvention on Biological Diversity on 7-19 December 2022, sets out action-oriented global targets for urgent action over the decade to 20302030. Target 1 is to ensure that all areas are under participatory, integrated and biodiversity inclusive spatial planning and/or effective management processes addressing land and sea use change; to bring the loss of areas of high biodiversity importance, including ecosystems of high ecological integrity, close to zero by 2030 while respecting the rights of indigenous peoples and local communities, as set out in the United Nations (UN) Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous PeoplesPeoples. (UNDRIP);Target 2 is to ensure thatthat, by 20302030, at least 30 per cent% of areas of degraded terrestrial, inland water, and marine and coastal ecosystems are under effective restoration, in order to enhance biodiversity and ecosystem functions and services, ecological integrity and connectivity;connectivity. Target 11 is to restore, maintain and enhance nature’s contributions to people, including ecosystem functions and services, such as the regulation of air, water and climate, soil health, pollination and reduction of disease risk, as well as protection from natural hazards and disasters, through nature-based solutions and/or ecosystem-based approaches for the benefit of all people and nature. The Global Biodiversity Framework will enable progress towards the achievement of the outcome-oriented goals for 2050.

Changed:(6) The United Nations General Assembly, inIn aits resolution of 1 March 2019, the UN General Assembly proclaimed 2021–2030 as the UN decade on ecosystem restoration, with the aim of supporting and scaling-up efforts to prevent, halt and reverse the degradation of ecosystems worldwide and raise awareness of the importance of ecosystem restoration.

Changed:(7) The EU Biodiversity Strategy for 2030 aims to ensure that Europe’s biodiversity will be put on the path to recovery by 2030 for the benefitsbenefit of people, the planet, the climate and our economy. It sets out an ambitious EU natureNature restorationRestoration planPlan with a number of key commitments, including a commitment to put forward a proposal for legally binding EU nature restoration targets to restore degraded ecosystems, in particular those with the most potential to capture and store carbon, and to prevent and reduce the impact of natural disasters.

Changed:(8) In its resolution of 9 June 2021,2021 on the EU Biodiversity Strategy for 2030, the European Parliament strongly welcomed the commitment to draw up a legislative proposal with binding nature restoration targets, and furthermore considered that in addition to an overall restoration target, ecosystem-, habitat- and species-specific restoration targets should be included, covering forests, grasslands, wetlands, peatlands, pollinators, free-flowing rivers, coastal areas and marine ecosystems.

Changed:(9) In its conclusions of 23 October 2020, the Council acknowledged that preventing further decline of the current state of biodiversity and nature will be essential, but not sufficient to bring nature back into our lives. The Council reaffirmed that more ambition on nature restoration is neededneeded, as proposed withby the new EU Nature Restoration Plan, which includes measures to protect and restore biodiversity beyond protected areas. The Council also stated that it awaited a proposal for legally binding nature restoration targets, subject to an impact assessment.

Changed:(10) The EU Biodiversity Strategy for 2030 sets out a commitment to legally protect a minimum of 30 % of the land, including inland waters, and 30 % of the sea in the Union, of which at least one third should be under strict protection, including all remaining primary and old-growth forests. The criteria and guidance for the designation of additional protected areas by Member States (the ‘Criteria and guidance’),Guidance’), developed by the Commission in 2022, in cooperation with Member States and stakeholders, highlight that if the restored areas comply or are expected to comply, once restoration produces its full effect, with the criteria for protected areas, those restored areas should also contribute towards the Union targets on protected areas. The Criteria and guidanceGuidance also highlight that protected areas can provide an important contribution to the restoration targets in the EU Biodiversity Strategy for 2030, by creating the conditions for restoration efforts to be successful. This is particularly the case for areas which can recover naturally by stopping or limiting some of the pressures from human activities. Placing such areas, including in the marine environment, under strict protection, will, in some cases, be sufficient to lead to the recovery of the natural values they host. Moreover, it is emphasised in the Criteria and guidanceGuidance that all Member States are expected to contribute towards reachingmeeting the Union targets on protected areas set out in the EU Biodiversity Strategy for 2030, to an extent that is proportionate to the natural values they host and to the potential they have for nature restoration.

Changed:(11) The EU Biodiversity Strategy for 2030 sets out a target toof ensureensuring that there is no deterioration in conservation trends or in the status of protected habitats and species and that at least 30 % of species and habitats not currently in favourable status will fall into that category or show a strong positive trend towards falling into that category by 2030. The guidance developed by the Commission in cooperation with Member States and stakeholders to support the achievement ofmeeting these targets highlights that maintenance and restoration efforts are likely to be required for most of those habitats and species, either by halting their current negative trends by 2030 or by maintaining current stable or improving trends, or by preventing the decline of habitats and species with a favourable conservation status. TheThat guidance further emphasises that those restoration efforts primarily need to be planned, implemented and coordinated at national or regional levelslevel and that, in selecting and prioritising the species and habitats to be improved by 2030, synergies with other Union and international targets, in particular environmental or climate policy targets, are to be sought.

Changed:(12) The Commission’s StateReport on the state of Naturenature Reportin fromthe European Union of 15 October 2020 (the ‘2020 State of Nature Report’) noted that the Union has not yet managed to stem the decline of protected habitat types and species whose conservation is of concern to the Union. That decline is caused mostly by the abandonment of extensive agriculture, intensifying management practices, the modification of hydrological regimes, urbanisation and pollution as well as unsustainable forestry activities and species exploitation. Furthermore, invasive alien species and climate change represent major and growing threats to native Union florafauna and fauna.flora.

Changed:(12a)(13) The Commission's Trade Policy Review - An Open, Sustainable and Assertive Trade Policy - states that the European Green Deal iswill thelead EU’sto newa growthprogressive strategyand thatprofound willtransformation beof the driving forceeconomy behindof ourthe competitivenessUnion and will lead to a progressive but profound transformation ofits ourMember economies,States, which in turn will have a strong bearing on tradethe patterns,Union’s whileexternal theaction. EU’sIt vastis networkimportant ofthat bilateralthe Union uses its trade agreementspolicy isand anextensive essentialnetwork platformof trade agreements to engage with our partners on climate change and biodiversity andthe thereforeprotection demandsof the introductionenvironment ofand ‘mirror’biodiversity measures,also inglobally, linewhile withpromoting WTOa rules.level [Oralplaying amendment]field.

Changed:(14)(15) The United NationsUN Statistical Commission adopted the System of Environmental Economic Accounting - Ecosystem Accounting (SEEA EA) at its 52nd session in March 2021. SEEA EA constitutes an integrated and comprehensive statistical framework for organising data about habitats and landscapes, measuring the extent, condition and services of ecosystems, tracking changes in ecosystem assets, and linking thisthat information to economic and other human activity.

Changed:(15)(16) Securing biodiverse ecosystems and tackling climate change are intrinsically linked.interlinked. Nature and nature-based solutions, including natural carbon stocks and sinks, are fundamental for fighting the climate crisis. At the same time, the climate crisis is already a driver of terrestrial and marine ecosystem change, and the Union mustneeds to prepare for the increasing intensity, frequency and pervasiveness of its effects. The Special Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) on the impacts of global warming of 1.5°C pointed out that some impacts may be long-lasting or irreversible. The Sixth IPCC Sixth Assessment Report states that restoring ecosystems will be fundamental in helping to combat climate change and also in reducing risks to food security. The Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES) in its 2019 Global Assessment Report on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services considered climate change a key driver of change in nature, and it expected its impacts of climate change to increase over the coming decades, in some cases surpassing the impact of other drivers of ecosystem change such as changed land and sea use.

Changed:(16)(17) Regulation (EU) 2021/1119 of the European Parliament and of the Council sets out a binding objective of climate neutrality in the Union by 2050 and negative emissions thereafter, and to prioritise swift and predictable emission reductions and, at the same time, enhance removals by natural sinks. The restoration of ecosystems can make an important contribution to maintaining, managing and enhancing natural sinks and to increasing biodiversity while fighting climate change. Regulation (EU) 2021/1119 also requires relevant Union institutions and the Member States to ensure continuous progress in enhancing adaptive capacity, strengthening resilience and reducing vulnerability to climate change. It also requires that Member States to integrate adaptation in all policy areas and promote ecosystem-based adaptation and nature-based solutions. Nature-based solutions are solutions that are inspired and ecosystem-basedsupported adaptation.by nature, that are cost-effective, and that simultaneously provide environmental, social and economic benefits and help build resilience. Such solutions bring more, and more diverse, nature and natural features and processes into cities, landscapes and seascapes, through locally adapted, resource-efficient and systemic interventions. Nature-based solutions need to therefore benefit biodiversity and support the delivery of a range of ecosystem services.

Changed:(17)(18) The Commission’s Communicationcommunication onof adaptationthe toCommission climateof change24 fromFebruary 2021 entitled ‘Forging a climate-resilient Europe - the new EU Strategy on Adaptation to Climate Change’ emphasises the need to promote nature-based solutions and recognises that cost-effective adaptation to climate change can be achieved by protecting and restoring wetlands and peatlands as well as coastal and marine ecosystems, by developing urban green spaces and installing green roofs and walls and by promoting and sustainably managing forests and farmland. Having a greater number of biodiverse ecosystems leads to a higher resilience to climate change and provides more effective forms of disaster reduction and prevention.

Changed:(18)(19) Union climate policy is being revised in order to follow the pathway proposedset out in Regulation (EU) 2021/1119 to reduce net greenhouse gas emissions (emissions after deduction of removals) by at least 55 % by 2030 compared to 1990. In1990 particular,levels theby proposal2030. forIn aparticular, Regulation (EU) 2023/839 of the European Parliament and of the Council amending Regulations (EU) 2018/841 and (EU) 2018/1999 aims to strengthen the contribution of the land sector to the overall climate ambition for 2030 and aligns the objectives as regardsregarding accounting of emissions and removals from the land use, land use change and forestry (‘LULUCF’)(LULUCF) sector with related policy initiatives on biodiversity. That proposalRegulation emphasises the need for the protection and enhancement of nature-based carbon removals, for the improvement of the resilience of ecosystems to climate change, for the restoration of degraded land and ecosystems, and for rewetting peatlands. It further aims to improve the monitoring and reporting of greenhouse gas emissions and removals of land subject to protection and restoration. In thisthat context, it is important that ecosystems in all land categories, including forests, grasslands, croplands and wetlands, are in good condition in order to be able to effectively capture and store carbon.carbon effectively.

Changed:(19)(20) Geo-politicalAs indicated by the communication of the Commission of 23 March 2022 entitled ‘Safeguarding food security and reinforcing the resilience of food systems’, geo-political developments have further underlined the need to safeguard the resilience of food systems. Evidence shows that restoring agro-ecosystems has positive impacts on food productivity in the long-term, and that the restoration of nature acts as an insurance policy to ensure the EU’sUnion’s long-term sustainability and resilience.

Changed:(20)(21) In the final report of the Conference on the Future of Europe,Europe of May 2022, citizens call on the Union to protect and restore biodiversity, the landscape and oceans, eliminate pollution and to foster knowledge, awareness, education,education and dialogues on environment, climate change, energy use, and sustainability.

Changed:(21)(22) The restoration of ecosystems, coupled with efforts to reduce wildlife trade and consumption, will also help prevent and build up resilience to possible future communicable diseases with zoonotic potential, therefore decreasing the risksrisk of outbreaks and pandemics, and contribute to support EUthe Union’s and global efforts to apply the One Health approach, which recognises the intrinsic connection between human health, animal health and a healthy and resilient nature.

Changed:(22)(23) Soils are an integral part of terrestrial ecosystems. The Commission’scommunication of the Commission of 17 November 2021 Communicationentitled ‘EU Soil Strategy for 2030’2030 Reaping the benefits of healthy soils for people, food, nature and climate’ outlines the need to restore degraded soils and enhance soil biodiversity. The Global MechanismMechanism, anda thebody secretariatset ofup under the United Nations Convention to Combatcombat Desertificationdesertification (UNCCD)in those countries experiencing serious drought and/or desertification, particularly in Africa, and the secretariat of that Convention have established the Land Degradation Neutrality Target Setting Programme to assist countries to achieve land degradation neutrality by 2030.

Changed:(23)(24) Council Directive 92/43/EEC and Directive 2009/147/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council aim to ensure the long-term protection, conservation and survival of Europe's most valuable and threatened species and habitats as well as the ecosystems of which they are part. Natura 2000, which was established in 1992 and is the largest coordinated network of protected areas in the world, is the key instrument implementing the objectives of those two Directives. This Regulation should, as those two Directives,should apply to the European territory of the Member States to which the Treaties apply, thereby aligning with Directives 92/43/EEC and thereby2009/147/EC alsoand aligningalso with Directive 2008/56/EC.2008/56/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council. (25) The Commission has developed a framework and guidance for the determination of good condition of habitat types protected under Directive 92/43/EEC and the determination of sufficient quality and quantity of the habitats of species falling within the scope of that Directive. Restoration targets for those habitat types and habitats of species can be set based on that framework and guidance. However, such restoration will not be enough to reverse biodiversity loss and for all ecosystems to recover. Therefore, in order to enhance biodiversity at the scale of wider ecosystems, additional obligations should be established that are based on specific indicators.

Removed:(24) A framework and guidance already exist to determine good condition of habitat types protected under Directive 92/43/EEC and to determine sufficient quality and quantity of the habitats of species falling within the scope of that Directive. Restoration targets for those habitat types and habitats of species can be set based on that framework and guidance. However, such restoration will not be enough to reverse biodiversity loss and recover all ecosystems. Therefore, additional obligations should be established based on specific indicators in order to enhance biodiversity at the scale of wider ecosystems.

Added:(26) Building on Directives 92/43/EEC and 2009/147/EC and in order to support the achievement of the objectives set out in those Directives, Member States should put in place restoration measures to ensure the recovery of protected habitats and species, including wild birds, across Union areas, also in areas that fall outside Natura 2000 sites.

Changed:(25) Building on(27) DirectivesDirective 92/43/EEC andaims 2009/147/ECto maintain and inrestore, orderat tofavourable supportconservation thestatus, achievementnatural ofhabitats theand objectivesspecies setof outwild infauna thoseand Directives,flora Memberof StatesUnion shouldinterest. putHowever, init placedoes restorationnot measuresset toa ensuredeadline theto recoveryachieve ofthat protectedgoal. habitatsSimilarly, andDirective species,2009/147/EC includingdoes wildnot birds,establish acrossa Uniondeadline areas,for alsothe inrecovery areasof thatbird fallpopulations outsidein Naturathe 2000.Union.

Removed:(26) Directive 92/43/EEC aims to maintain and restore, at favourable conservation status, natural habitats and species of wild fauna and flora of Union interest. However, it does not set a deadline for achieving that goal. Similarly, Directive 2009/147/EC does not establish a deadline for the recovery of bird populations in the Union.

Added:(28) Deadlines should ▌be established for putting in place restoration measures within and outside Natura 2000 sites, in order to gradually improve the condition of protected habitat types across the Union and in order to re-establish them until the favourable reference area needed to reach favourable conservation status of those habitat types in the Union is reached. Member States should, as appropriate, until 2030, give priority to areas of habitat types that are not in good condition and that are located in Natura 2000 sites when putting in place restoration measures, given the essential role of those sites for nature conservation and the fact that under existing Union law there is already an obligation to put in place effective systems to ensure long-term effectiveness of the restoration measures in Natura 2000 sites. In order to give the necessary flexibility to Member States to make large scale restoration efforts, Member States should retain the possibility to put in place restoration measures in areas of habitat types that are not in good condition and that are located outside Natura 2000 sites, when it is justified by specific local circumstances and conditions. Moreover, it is appropriate to group habitat types according to the ecosystem to which they belong and set the time-bound and quantified area-based targets for groups of habitat types. This would allow Member States to choose which habitats to restore first within the group.

Removed:(27) Deadlines should therefore be established for putting in place restoration measures within and beyond Natura 2000 sites, in order to gradually improve the condition of protected habitat types across the Union as well as to re-establish them until the favourable reference area needed to achieve favourable conservation status of those habitat types in the Union is reached. In order to give the necessary flexibility to Member States to put in place large scale restoration efforts, it is appropriate to group habitat types according to the ecosystem to which they belong and set the time-bound and quantified area-based targets for groups of habitat types. This will allow Member States to choose which habitats to restore first within the group.

Added:(29) The requirements set for the habitats of species that fall within the scope of Directive 92/43/EEC and for habitats of wild birds falling within the scope of Directive 2009/147/EC should be similar, having special regard to the connectivity needed between both of those habitats in order for the species populations to thrive.

Changed:(30) It(33) isIn importantorder to ensure that the restoration measures putare inefficient placeand underthat thistheir Regulationresults delivercan concretebe andmeasured measurableover improvementtime, init is essential that the areas that are subject to such restoration measures, with a view to improving the condition of thehabitats ecosystems,that bothfall atwithin the levelscope of theAnnex individualI areasto subjectDirective 92/43/EEC, to restorationre-establish those habitats and atto nationalimprove andtheir Unionconnectivity, levels.show continuous improvement until good condition is reached.

Removed:(31) In order to ensure that the restoration measures are efficient and that their results can be measured over time, it is essential that the areas that are subject to such restoration measures, with a view to improving the condition of habitats that fall within the scope of Annex I to Directive 92/43/EEC, to re-establish those habitats and to improve their connectivity, show a continuous improvement until good condition is reached.

Changed:(33)(35) It is important to ensure a gradual increase ofthat the areas covered by habitat types that fallfalling within the scope of Directive 92/43/EEC that are in good condition across the European territory of Member States and of the Union as a whole,whole are gradually increased until the favourable reference area for each habitat type is reached and at least 90 % at Member State level of thatsuch areaareas isare in good condition, so as to allow those habitat types in the Union to achievereach favourable conservation status. Member States should, where duly justified and for habitat types that are very common and widespread in the Union and that cover more than 3 % of the European territory of the Member State concerned, be allowed to apply a percentage lower than 90 % for the area that is to be in good condition for individual habitat types listed in Annex I to this Regulation if that percentage would not prevent favourable conservation status for those habitat types, as determined pursuant to Article 1, point (e), of Directive 92/43/EEC, from being reached or maintained at national biogeographical level. If a Member State applies that derogation, the Member State should justify it in its national restoration plan.

Changed:(34)(36) It is important to ensure a gradual increase ofthat the quality and quantity of the habitats of species that fall within the scope of Directive 92/43/EEC, as well as of habitats of wild birds falling within the scope of Directive 2009/147/EC, across the European territory of Member States and ultimately of the Union,Union as a whole are gradually increased until itthey isare sufficient to ensure the long-term survival of those species.

Changed:(35)(37) It is important that ▌areasMember States put in place measures which aim to ensure that the areas covered by habitat types falling within the scope of this Regulation subject to restoration measures show a continuous improvement in condition until they reach good condition, and that Member States put in place measures which aim to ensure that once they thereafterhave reached good condition, those habitat types do not significantly deteriorate, so as not to jeopardizejeopardise the long-term maintenance or achievement of good condition. Not achieving those outcomes does not imply a failure to comply with the obligation to put in place measures suitable for reaching those outcomes. It is also important that Member States endeavour to make efforts with the aim toof preventpreventing significant deterioration of areas covered by such habitat types that are either already in good condition or that are not in good condition andbut stillare not yet subject to restoration measures. Such measures are important to avoid increasing the restoration needs in the future and should focus on areas of habitat types, as identified by the Member States in their national restoration plans, that are necessary to restore in order to reach the restoration targets. It is ▌appropriate to consider the possibility of force majeure, such as natural disasters, which may result in the deterioration of areas covered by those habitat types, as well as unavoidable habitat transformations which are directly caused by climate change. Outside Natura 2000 sites it is appropriate to also consider the result of a plan or project of overriding public interest, for which no less damaging alternative solutions are available,. For areas subject to restoration, this should be determined on a case-by-case basis. For Natura 2000 sites, plans and projects are authorisednecessary in accordance with Article 6(4) of Directive 92/43/EEC. Where an area is transformed from one habitat typeorder to another falling withinmeet the scope of this Regulation as a desired result of a restoration measure, the area should not be considered to deteriorate.targets.

Changed:(35a)It Foris appropriate to consider the purposespossibility of theforce derogationsmajeure, fromsuch as natural disasters, which could result in the obligationsdeterioration of continuousareas improvementcovered andby non-deteriorationthose outsidehabitat Naturatypes, 2000as siteswell inas thisunavoidable Regulation,habitat Membertransformations Stateswhich shouldare presumedirectly plantscaused forby theclimate productionchange. ofOutside energyNatura from2000 renewablesites sources,it theiris connectionappropriate to theconsider grid,also the related grid itselfresult andof storagea assets,plan asor beingproject of overriding public interest.interest Memberfor Stateswhich mayno decideless todamaging restrictalternative thesolutions applicationare ofavailable. For areas subject to restoration measures, this presumptionshould inbe dulydetermined justifiedon anda specificcase-by-case circumstances,basis. suchFor asNatura reasons2000 relatedsites, toplans nationaland defence.projects Inare addition,authorised Memberin Statesaccordance maywith exemptArticle these6(4) projectsof fromDirective the92/43/EEC. obligationIt is appropriate to demonstrateensure that noMember lessStates damagingretain alternativethe solutionspossibility, arein availablethe forabsence of alternatives, to apply the purposesnon-deterioration ofrequirement at the applicationlevel of thoseeach derogations,biogeographical providedregion thatof thetheir projectsterritory havefor beeneach subjecthabitat totype aand strategiceach environmentalhabitat assessmentof orspecies. anSuch environmentalpossibility impactshould assessment.be Consideringallowed suchunder plantscertain asconditions, beingincluding ofthat overridingcompensatory publicmeasures interestare and,taken wherefor applicable,each limitingsignificant thedeterioration requirementoccurrence. toWhere, assessas lessa damagingdesired alternativeresult solutionsof woulda allowrestoration suchmeasure, projectsan toarea benefitis transformed from aone simplifiedhabitat assessmenttype asfalling regardswithin the derogationsscope of this Regulation to another habitat type falling within the assessmentscope of overridingthis publicRegulation, interestthe underarea thisshould Regulation.not be considered to have deteriorated.

Changed:(35b)(38) ActivitiesFor havingthe aspurposes theirof solethe purposederogations defencefrom orthe nationalobligations securityof shouldcontinuous beimprovement givenand utmostnon-deterioration priority.outside Therefore,Natura Member2000 Statessites mayunder whenthis puttingRegulation, inplants placefor restorationthe measuresproduction exemptof areasenergy usedfrom forrenewable activitiessources, withtheir theconnection soleto purposethe ofgrid, nationalthe defencerelated ifgrid theseitself measuresand arestorage deemedassets, toshould be incompatiblepresumed withby the continuedMember militaryStates useas being of theoverriding areaspublic ininterest. question.Member InStates additionshould forbe theable purposeto ofdecide to restrict the application of the provisionsthat onpresumption derogationsin fromduly thejustified obligationsand ofspecific continuouscircumstances, improvementsuch andas non-deteriorationfor outsidereasons Naturarelated 2000to sitesnational indefence. thisIn Regulation,addition, Member States should be allowedable to presumeexempt thatsuch plansrenewable andenergy projects concerningfrom suchthe activitiesobligation asthat beingno ofless overridingdamaging publicalternative interest.solutions Memberare Statesavailable mayfor alsothe exemptpurposes theseof projectsthe fromapplication theof obligationthose toderogations, demonstrateprovided that nothe lessprojects damaginghave alternativebeen solutionssubject areto available,a butstrategic shouldenvironmental putassessment inor placean measures,environmental asimpact farassessment. Considering such plants as reasonablebeing andof practicable,overriding withpublic interest and, where applicable, limiting the aimrequirement to mitigateassess less damaging alternative solutions would allow such projects to benefit from a simplified assessment as regards the impactsderogations onto the habitatassessment types,of whereoverriding theypublic applyinterest under this exemption.Regulation.

Removed:(36) The EU Biodiversity Strategy for 2030 emphasises the need for stronger action to restore degraded marine ecosystems, including carbon-rich ecosystems and important fish spawning and nursery areas. The Strategy also announces that the Commission is to propose a new action plan to conserve fisheries resources and protect marine ecosystems.

Added:(39) Activities which have defence or national security as their sole purpose should be given utmost priority. Therefore, when putting in place restoration measures, Member States should be able to exempt areas used for such activities, if those measures are deemed to be incompatible with the continued military use of the areas in question. In addition, for the purpose of the application of the provisions of this Regulation on derogations from the obligations of continuous improvement and non-deterioration outside Natura 2000 sites, Member States should be allowed to presume that plans and projects concerning such activities are of overriding public interest. Member States should also be able to exempt such plans and projects from the obligation that no less damaging alternative solutions are available. However, if they apply this exemption, Member States should be required to put in place measures, as far as reasonable and practicable, with the aim to mitigate the impact of those plans and projects on the habitat types.

Removed:(37) The marine habitat types listed in Annex I to Directive 92/43/EEC are defined broadly and comprise many ecologically different sub-types with different restoration potential, which makes it difficult for Member States to establish appropriate restoration measures at the level of those habitat types. The marine habitat types should therefore be further specified by using relevant levels of the European nature information system (EUNIS) classification of marine habitats. Member States should establish favourable reference areas for reaching the favourable conservation status of each of those habitat types, in so far as those reference areas are not already addressed in other Union legislation. The group of marine soft sediment habitat types, corresponding to certain of the broad benthic habitat types specified under Directive 2008/56/EC, are widely represented in marine waters of several Member States. Therefore Member States should be allowed to limit the restoration measures, that are put in place gradually, to a smaller proportion of the area of these habitat types not in good condition, provided that this does not prevent good environmental status, as determined pursuant to Article 9(1) of Directive 2008/56/EC, from being achieved or maintained, taking into account in particular threshold values for descriptors 1 and 6, laid down in accordance with Article 9(3) of that Directive, for the extent of loss of these habitat types, for adverse effects on the condition of these habitat types and for the maximum allowable extent of those adverse effects.

Added:(40) The EU Biodiversity Strategy for 2030 emphasises the need for stronger action to restore degraded marine ecosystems, including carbon-rich ecosystems and important fish spawning and nursery areas. That strategy also sets out that the Commission is to propose a new action plan to conserve fisheries resources and protect marine ecosystems.

Changed:(43)(47) Urban ecosystems represent around 22 % of the land surface of the Union,Union and constitute the area in which athe majority of the citizens of the Union live. Urban green spaces include, inter alia, urban forests, parks and gardens, urban farms, tree-lined streets, urban meadows and urban hedges. AsUrban ecosystems, like the other ecosystems addressed in this Regulation, urban ecosystems provide important habitats for biodiversity, in particular plants, birds and insects, including pollinators. They also provide many other vital ecosystem services, including natural disaster risk reduction and control (e.g.such floods,as for floods and heat island effects),effects, cooling, recreation, water and air filtration, as well as climate change mitigation and adaptation. Increase ofIncreasing urban green space is onean important parameter for measuring the increase of the ability of urban ecosystems ability to provide thesethose importantvital services. Increasing green cover in a given urban area slows water run-off (reducingthus reducing river pollution risk from storm water overflow)overflow and helps keep summer temperatures down, building climate resilience, and provides additional space for nature to thrive. Increasing the level of urban green space willwill, in many casescases, improve the health of the urban ecosystem. In turnturn, healthy urban ecosystems are essential for supporting the health of other key European ecosystemsecosystems, –for example by connecting natural areas in the surrounding countryside, improving river health away from the city, providing a haven and breeding ground for bird and pollinator species linked to agricultural and forest habitats, as well as providing important habitats for migrating bird, for example.birds.

Changed:(44)(48) Actions to ensure that the coverage of urban green spaces, especiallyin particular trees, will no longer be at risk of being reduced need to be strongly enhanced. In order to ensure that urban green spaces continue to provide the necessary ecosystem services, their loss should be stopped and they should be restored and increased, inter alia by integration ofintegrating green infrastructure and nature-based solutions ▌,solutions, such as green roofs and green walls, in the design of buildings. Such integration can contribute to maintaining and increasing not only to the area of urban green space but also, if includingtrees trees,are toincluded, the area of urban tree canopy cover.

Removed:(44a) With artificial light increasing, light pollution has become a pertinent issue. Its sources include building exterior and interior lighting, advertising, commercial properties, offices, factories, streetlights and illuminated sporting venues. Light pollution is a driver of insect declines. Many insects are drawn to light, but artificial lights can create a fatal attraction. Declining insect populations negatively impact all species that rely on insects for food or pollination. Some predators exploit this attraction to their advantage, affecting food webs in unanticipated ways. [Am. 2]

Added:(49) Scientific evidence suggests that artificial light negatively impacts biodiversity. Artificial light can also impact human health. When preparing their national restoration plans under this Regulation, Member States should be able to consider to stop, reduce or remediate light pollution in all ecosystems.

Changed:(45)(50) The EU Biodiversity Strategy for 2030 requires greater efforts to be made to restore freshwater ecosystems and the natural functions of rivers. The restoration of freshwater ecosystems should include efforts to restore the natural ▌connectivity of rivers as well as their riparian areas and floodplains, including through the removal of artificial barriers withbarriers, ain vieworder to supporting thesupport achievementreaching of favourable conservation status for rivers, lakes and alluvial habitats and species living in those habitats protected by Directives 92/43/EEC and 2009/147/EC, and the achievement of one of the key objectives of the EU Biodiversity Strategy for 2030, namely, the restoration of at least 25 000 km of free-flowing rivers, assessedas againstcompared to 2020 when the EU Biodiversity Strategy for 2030 was communicated.adopted. When removing barriers, Member States should primarily address obsolete barriers, which are those that are no longer needed for renewable energy generation, inland navigation, water supply or other uses.

Changed:(46)(51) In the Union, pollinators have dramatically declined in recent decades, with one in three bee species and butterfly species in decline,decline and one in ten such species on the verge of extinction. Pollinators are essential for the functioning of terrestrial ecosystems, human wellbeing and food security, by pollinating wild and cultivated plants. AlmostThe 2021 Report based on the output of the Integrated system for Natural Capital Accounting (INCA) project, jointly undertaken by the Commission services and the European Environment Agency (EEA),shows that almost EUR 5 000 000 000 of the EU’sUnion’s annual agricultural output is directly attributed to insect pollinators.

Changed:(47)(52) TheWith its communication of 1 June 2018, the Commission launched the EU Pollinators Initiative on 1 June 2018 in response to calls from the European Parliament and from the Council to address the decline of pollinators. The progress report of 27 May 2021 on the implementation of thethat initiative showed that significant challenges remain in tackling the drivers of pollinator decline, including on the use of pesticides. TheBoth the European ParliamentParliament, in its resolution of 9 of June, and the CouncilCouncil, in its conclusions of 17 December 2020 on the European Court of Auditors’ Special Report No 15/2020, have called for stronger actionsaction to tackle pollinator decline and fordecline, the establishment of a Union-wide monitoring framework for pollinators, and clear objectives and indicators regarding the commitment to reverse the decline of pollinators. TheIn its Special Report issued in 2020, the European Court of Auditors has recommended that the Commission set up appropriate governance and monitoring mechanisms for actions to address threats to pollinators. OnIn its communication of 24 January 20232023, the Commission presented a revised EU Pollinators Initiative.Initiative Theentitled revision‘Revision of the EU Pollinators Initiative A new deal for pollinators’, which sets out actions to be taken by the EUUnion and its Member States to reverse the decline of pollinators by 2030.

Changed:(48)(53) The proposal for a Regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council on the sustainable use of plant protection products [for adoption on 22 June 2022, include title and number of the adopted act when available] aims to regulate one of the drivers of pollinator decline by prohibiting the use of pesticides in ecologically sensitive areas, many of which are covered by this Regulation, for example areas sustaining pollinator species which the European Red Lists of species classify as being threatened with extinction.

Changed:(49)(54) Sustainable, resilient and biodiverse agricultural ecosystems are needed to provide safe, sustainable, nutritious and affordable food. Biodiversity-rich agricultural ecosystems also increase agriculture’s resilience to climate change and environmental risks, while ensuring food safety and security and creating new jobs in rural areas, in particular jobs linked to organic farming as well as rural tourism and recreation. Therefore, the Union needs to improve the biodiversity inof its agricultural lands, through a variety of existing practices that are beneficial to or compatible with the biodiversity enhancement, including through the use of extensive agriculture. Extensive agriculture is vital for the maintenance of many species and habitats in biodiversity richbiodiversity-rich areas. There are many extensive agricultural practices which have multiple and significant benefits on the protection of biodiversity, ecosystem services and landscape featuresfeatures, such as precision agriculture, organic farming, agro-ecology, agroforestry and low intensity permanent grassland. Such practices do not intend to stop agricultural land-use but rather to adapt this type of use for the benefit of the long-term functioning and productivity of the agricultural ecosystems. Financially attractive funding schemes for owners, farmers and other land-managers to voluntarily engage in such practices are important in delivering the long-term benefits of restoration.

Changed:(50)(55) Restoration measures need to be put in place to enhance the biodiversity of agricultural ecosystems across the Union, including in the areas not covered by habitat types that fall within the scope of Directive 92/43/EEC. In the absence of a common method for assessing the condition of agricultural ecosystems that would allow setting specific restoration targets for agricultural ecosystems, it is appropriate to set a general obligation to improve biodiversity in agricultural ecosystems and measure the fulfilment of that obligation on the basis of existinga indicators.selection of indicators out of the grassland butterfly index, the stock of organic carbon in cropland mineral soils or the share of agricultural land with high diversity landscape features.

Changed:(51)(56) Since farmland birds are well-known and widely recognised key indicators of the health of agricultural ecosystems, it is appropriate to set targets for their recovery. The obligation to achievemeet such targets wouldshould apply to Member States, not to individual farmers. Member States should achievemeet those targets by putting in place effective restoration measures on farmland, working with and supporting farmers and other stakeholders for their design and implementation on the ground.

Changed:(52)(57) High-diversity landscape features on agricultural land, including buffer strips, rotational or non-rotational fallow land, hedgerows, individual or groups of trees, tree rows, field margins, patches, ditches, streams, small wetlands, terraces, cairns, stonewalls, small ponds and cultural features, provide space for wild plants and animals, including pollinators, prevent soil erosion and depletion, filter air and water, support climate change mitigation and adaptationadaptation, and agricultural productivity of pollination-dependent crops. Productive trees that are part of arable land agroforestry systems and productive elements in non-productive hedgesfeatures can also be considered as high biodiversity landscape features provided that they do not receive fertilizers or pesticide treatment and if harvest takes place only at moments where it would not compromise high biodiversity levels. Therefore, a requirement to ensure an increasing trend for the share of agricultural land with high-diversity landscape features should be set out. ▌Increasing trends should also be achieved for other existing indicators, such as the grassland butterfly index and the stock of organic carbon in cropland mineral soils.under [Am.certain 14]conditions.

Changed:(53)(58) The Commoncommon Agriculturalagricultural Policypolicy (CAP) aims to support and strengthen environmental protection, including biodiversity. The policy has among its specific objectives to contribute to halting and reversing biodiversity loss, enhance ecosystem services and preserve habitats and landscapes. The new CAP conditionality standard Nr. 8 on Good Agricultural and Environmental Conditions of Lands (GAEC 8), set out in Annex III to Regulation (EU) 2021/2115 of the European Parliament and of the Council, requires beneficiaries of area relatedarea-related payments to have at least 4%4 % of arable land at farm level devoted to non-productive areas and features, includingsuch as land lying fallowfallow, and to retain existing landscape features. The 4%4 % share that is to be attributed to compliance with thatthe GAEC 8 standard can be reduced to 3 % if certain pre-requisites are met. That obligation will contribute to Member States reaching a positive trend in high-diversity landscape features on agricultural land. In addition, under the CAP, Member States have the possibility to set up eco-schemes for agricultural practices carried out by farmers on agricultural areas that may include maintenance and creation of landscape features or non-productive areas. Similarly, in their CAP strategic plans, Member States can also include agri-environment-climate commitmentscommitments, including the enhanced management of landscape features going beyond conditionalitythe GAEC 8 and/orstandard or eco-schemes. Projects under the sub-programme ‘Nature and Biodiversity’ of the LIFE natureProgramme, established by Regulation (EU) 2021/783 of the European Parliament and biodiversityof projectsthe Council, will also help to put Europe's biodiversity on agricultural land on a path to recovery by 2030, by supporting the implementation of DirectiveDirectives 92/43/EEC and Directive 2009/147/EC as well as the EU Biodiversity Strategy for 2030.

Changed:(54)(59) Restoration and rewetting of organic soilssoils, as defined in 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories, in agricultural useuse, (i.e.i.e. under grassland and cropland use)use, constituting drained peatlands help achieve significant biodiversity benefits, an important reduction of green-housegreenhouse gas emissions and other environmental benefits, while at the same time contributing to a diverse agricultural landscape. Member States can choose from a wide range of restoration measures for drained peatlands in agricultural useuse, spanning from converting cropland to permanent grassland and extensification measures accompanied by reduced drainage, to full rewetting with the opportunity of paludicultural use, or the establishment of peat-forming vegetation. The most significant climate benefits are created by restoring and rewetting cropland followed by the restoration of intensive grassland. To allow for a flexible implementation of the restoration target for drained peatlands under agricultural useuse, Member States mayshould be able to count the restoration measures and rewetting of drained peatlands in areas of peat extraction sites as well as, to a certain extent, the restoration and rewetting of drained peatlands under other land usesuses, (forfor example forest)forest, as contributing to the achievementmeeting of the restoration targets for drained peatlands under agricultural use. Where duly justified, and if rewetting of drained peatland under agricultural use cannot be implemented due to considerable negative impacts on buildings, infrastructure, climate adaptation or other public interestsinterests, and it is not feasible to rewet peatlands under other land uses, theit extentshould ofbe peatlandspossible tofor bethe rewettedMember mayStates beto setreduce lowerthe byextent of the Memberrewetting States.of peatlands.

Changed:(55)(60) In order to reap the full biodiversity benefits, restoration and rewetting of areas of drained peatland should extend beyond the areas of wetlands habitat types listed in Annex I ofto Directive 92/43/EEC that are to be restored and re-established. Data about the extent of organic soils as well as their greenhouse gas emissions and removals are monitored and made available by LULUCF sector reporting in national greenhouse gas inventories by Member States, submitted tounder the UNFCCC.UN Framework Convention on Climate Change. Restored and rewetted peatlands can continue to be used productively in alternative ways. For example, paludiculture, the practice of farming on wet peatlands, can include cultivation of various types of reeds, certain forms of timber, blueberry and cranberry cultivation, sphagnum farming,farming and grazing with water buffaloes. Such practices should be based on the principles of sustainable management and aimed at enhancing biodiversity so that they can have a high value both financially and ecologically. Paludiculture can also be beneficial to several species which are endangered in the Union and can also facilitate the connectivity of wetland areas and of associated species populations in the Union. Funding for measures to restore and rewet drained peatlands and to compensate possible losses of income can come from a wide range of sources, including expenditure under the Union budget and Union financing programmes.

Changed:(56)(61) The new EU Forest Strategy for 20302030, set out in the communication of the Commission of 16 July 2021, outlined the need to restore forest biodiversity. Forests and other wooded land cover over 43,5 % of the EU’sUnion’s land space. Forest ecosystems that host rich biodiversity are vulnerable to climate change but are also a natural ally in adapting to and fighting climate change and climate-related risks, including through their carbon-stock and carbon-sink functions, and provide many other vital ecosystem services and benefits, such as the provision of timber and wood, food and other non-wood products, climate regulation, soil stabilisation and erosion controlcontrol, and the purification of air and water.

Removed:▌ [Am. 112/rev1]

Added:(62) Restoration measures need to be put in place to enhance the biodiversity of forest ecosystems across the Union, including in the areas not covered by habitat types falling within the scope of Directive 92/43/EEC. In the absence of a common method for assessing the condition of forest ecosystems that would allow for the setting of specific restoration targets for forest ecosystems, it is appropriate to set a general obligation to improve biodiversity in forest ecosystems and measure the fulfilment of that obligation on the basis of the common forest bird index and of a selection of other indicators, out of standing deadwood, lying deadwood, share of forests with uneven-aged structure, forest connectivity, stock of organic carbon, share of forests dominated by native tree species and tree species diversity.

Removed:(58) Restoration targets and obligations for habitats and species protected under Directives 92/43/EEC and 2009/147/EC, for pollinators and for freshwater, urban, agricultural and forest ecosystems should be complementary and work in synergy, with a view to achieving the overarching objective of restoring ecosystems across the Member States’ land and sea areas. The restoration measures required to achieve one specific target will in many cases contribute to the achievement of other targets or obligations. Member States should therefore plan restoration measures strategically with a view to maximising their effectiveness in contributing to the recovery of nature across the Union. Restoration measures should also be planned in such manner that they address climate change mitigation and climate change adaptation and the prevention and control of the impact of natural disasters, as well as land degradation. They should aim at optimising the ecological, economic and social functions of ecosystems, including their productivity potential, taking into account their contribution to the sustainable development of the relevant regions and communities. It is important that Member States prepare detailed national restoration plans based on the best available scientific evidence. Documented records on historic distribution and area, as well as on the projected changes to environmental conditions due to climate change, should inform judgements on favourable reference area of habitat types. Furthermore, it is important that the public is given early and effective opportunities to participate in the preparation of the plans. Member States should take account of the specific conditions and needs in their territory, in order for the plans to respond to the relevant pressures, threats and drivers of biodiversity loss, and should cooperate to ensure restoration and connectivity across borders.

Added:(63) When planning and putting in place the restoration measures necessary to enhance biodiversity in forest ecosystems and when setting satisfactory levels for biodiversity indicators for forests, Member States should take into account the risks of forest fire, based on local circumstances. Member States should make use of best practices to reduce such risks, particularly as described in the Commission’s Guidelines on land-based wildfire prevention issued in 2021.

Changed:(62)(67) In order to ensure synergiescoherence withbetween restorationthe measuresobjectives thatof havethis alreadyRegulation beenand plannedDirective or(EU) put2018/2001 inof placethe inEuropean MemberParliament States,and of the nationalCouncil, restorationRegulation plans(EU) should2018/1999 recogniseof thosethe restorationEuropean measuresParliament and takeof themthe intoCouncil account.and InDirective light98/70/EC of the urgencyEuropean signalledParliament byand of the 2022Council IPCCas reportregards forthe takingpromotion actionsof onenergy restorationfrom renewable sources, in particular, during the preparation of degradednational ecosystems,restoration plans, Member States should implementtake thoseaccount measuresof inthe parallelpotential withfor therenewable preparationenergy ofprojects theto contribute towards fulfilling nature restoration plans.objectives.

Removed:(63) The national restoration plans and the measures to restore habitats as well as the measures to prevent habitats from deteriorating should also take into account the results of research projects relevant for assessing the condition of ecosystems, identifying and putting in place restoration measures, and monitoring purposes, and where appropriate, take into account the diversity of situations in the various regions of the Union, in accordance with Article 191(2) of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU), such as social, economic and cultural requirements and regional and local characteristics, including population density.

Added:(68) Considering the importance of addressing consistently the dual challenges of biodiversity loss and climate change, the restoration of biodiversity should take into account the deployment of renewable energy and vice versa. It should be possible to combine restoration activities and the deployment of renewable energy projects, wherever possible, including in renewables acceleration areas and dedicated grid areas. Directive (EU) 2018/2001 requires Member States to carry out a coordinated mapping for the deployment of renewable energy in their territory in order to identify the domestic potential and the available land surface, sub-surface, sea or inland water that are necessary for the installation of renewable energy plants and their related infrastructure, such as grid and storage facilities, including thermal storage, that are required in order to fulfil at least their national contributions towards the revised 2030 renewable energy target. Such necessary areas, including the existing plants and cooperation mechanisms, are to be commensurate with the estimated trajectories and total planned installed capacity by renewable energy technology set in the national energy and climate plans. Member States should designate a sub-set of such areas as renewables acceleration areas. Renewables acceleration areas are specific locations, whether on land or sea, that are particularly suitable for the installation of plants for the production of energy from renewable sources, ▌where the deployment of a specific type of renewable energy is not expected to have significant environmental impacts, in view of the particularities of the selected territory. Member States are to give priority to artificial and built surfaces, such as rooftops and facades of buildings, transport infrastructure and their direct surroundings, parking areas, farms, waste sites, industrial sites, mines, artificial inland water bodies, lakes or reservoirs, and, where appropriate, urban waste water treatment sites, as well as degraded land not usable for agriculture. Directive (EU) 2018/2001 also establishes that Member States be allowed to adopt a plan or plans to designate dedicated infrastructure areas for the development of grid and storage projects that are necessary to integrate renewable energy into the electricity system, where such development is not expected to have a significant environmental impact, such an impact can be duly mitigated or, where that is not possible, compensated for. The aim of such areas is to be to support and complement the renewables acceleration areas. In the designation of renewables acceleration areas and dedicated infrastructure areas, Member States are to avoid protected areas and consider their national restoration plans. Member States should coordinate the development of national restoration plans with the mapping of areas that are required in order to meet at least their national contribution towards the 2030 renewable energy target and, where relevant, with the designation of the renewables acceleration areas and dedicated grid areas. During the preparation of the national restoration plans, Member States should ensure synergies with the build-up of renewable energy and energy infrastructure and with renewables acceleration areas and dedicated grid areas that have already been designated and ensure that the functioning of those areas, including the permit-granting procedures applicable in those areas provided for by Directive (EU) 2018/2001, remain unchanged.

Removed:(64) It is appropriate to take into account the specific situation of the Union’s outermost regions, as listed in Article 349 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU), which provides for specific measures to support those regions. As envisaged in the EU Biodiversity Strategy for 2030, particular focus should be placed on protecting and restoring the outermost regions’ ecosystems, given their exceptionally rich biodiversity value. At the same time the associated costs for protecting and restoring those ecosystems and the remoteness, insularity, small size, difficult topography and climate of the outermost regions should be taken into account, in particular when preparing the national restoration plans. Member States are encouraged to include, on a voluntary basis, specific restoration measures in those outermost regions that do not fall within the scope of this Regulation.

Added:(69) In order to ensure synergies with restoration measures that have already been planned or put in place in Member States, the national restoration plans should recognise those restoration measures and take them into account. In light of the urgency signalled by the IPCC Sixth Assessment Report for taking action on the restoration of degraded ecosystems, Member States should implement those measures in parallel with the preparation of the restoration plans.

Changed:(a) ▌the biodiverse,▌long-term ▌and resilientsustained ▌recovery of biodiverse and productiveresilient ecosystems across the Member States’ land and sea areas through the restoration of degraded ecosystems; [Am. 113/rev1]

Changed:(b) achieving the Union’s overarching objectives concerning climate change mitigation, climate change adaptation, including food security, energy transition and social housing,adaptation and land degradation neutrality; [Am. 114]

Added:(c) enhancing food security;

Changed:2. This Regulation establishes a framework within which Member States shall put in place ▌effective and area-based restoration measures with the aim to jointly cover, as a Union target, throughout the areas and ecosystems within the scope as defined in Article 2,of bythis 2030,Regulation, at least 20 % of ▌land areas and at least 20 % of the sea areas and, by 2050,2030, and all ecosystems in need of restoration.restoration by 2050.

Removed:2a. This Regulation needs to create synergies and be coherent with existing and ongoing legislation, taking into account national competences and ensure consistency and coherence with the Union legislation on among others renewable energies, plant protection products, critical raw materials, agricultural and forestry. [Am. 116]

Changed:This Regulation applies to ecosystems as referred to in Articles 4 to 10:12:

Changed:(a) in the territory of the Member States;

Changed:(aa)(b) in the coastal waters, as defined byin Article 2, point (7), of Directive 2000/60/EC, of the Member States, their seabed andor their subsoil;

Changed:(b)(c) in waters, the seabed andor subsoil on the seaward side of the baseline from which the extent of the territorial waters of a Member State is measuredmeasured, extending to the outmost reach of the area where a Member State has or exercises sovereign rights or jurisdiction, in accordance with the 1982 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea.

Changed:This Regulation only applies only to ecosystems in the European territory of the Member States to which the Treaties apply.

Changed:TheFor the purposes of this Regulation, the following definitions apply:

Changed:(2) ‘habitat of a species’ means habitat of a species as defined in point (f)Article of1, Articlepoint 1(f), of Directive 92/43/EEC;

Changed:(3) ‘restoration’ means the process of actively or passively assisting the recovery of an ecosystem in order to improve its structure and functionsfunctions, with the aim of conserving or enhancing biodiversity and ecosystem resilience; the restoration ofresilience, ecosystemsthrough forimproving thean purposesarea of this Regulation is donea throughhabitat improvingtype to good condition of a habitat type, ▌its▌, re-establishing to favourable reference areaarea, and improving to sufficient quality and quantity of a habitat of a species to sufficient quality and quantity in accordance with Article 4(1), (2) and (3) and Article 5 (1),5(1), (2) and (3)(3), and fulfillingmeeting the targets and fulfilling the obligations under Articles 68 to 1012, including reaching satisfactory levels offor the indicators referred to in Articles 8(1), 9(2) and 10(2) as a means of conserving or enhancing biodiversity and8 ecosystemto resilience;12;

Changed:(4) ‘good condition’ means, as regards an area of a habitat type meanstype, a state where itsthe key characteristics ▌,of the habitat type, in particular its structure andstructure, functions and its typical species or typical species composition reflect the high level of ecological integrity, stability and resilience necessary to ensure its long-term maintenance and thus contribute to reaching or maintaining favourable conservation status according to Article 1, point (e), offor Directivea 92/43/EEC,habitat, where the habitat type concerned is listed in Annex I ofto thatDirective Directive,92/43/EEC, and, in marine ecosystems, contribute to achieving or maintaining good environmental status according to Article 3(5) of Directive 2008/56/EC;status;

Removed:(5) ‘favourable reference area’ means the total area of a habitat type in a given biogeographical region or marine region at national level that is considered the minimum necessary to ensure the long-term viability of the habitat type and its typical species or typical species composition, and all its significant ecological variations in its natural range, and which is composed of the area of the habitat type and, if that area is not sufficient, the area necessary for the re-establishment of the habitat type; where the habitat type concerned is listed in Annex I to Directive 92/43/EEC, such re-establishment contributes to reaching favourable conservation status according to Article 1, point (e), of that Directive and, in marine ecosystems, such re-establishment contributes to achieving or maintaining good environmental status according to Article 3(5) of Directive 2008/56/EC;

Added:(5) ‘good environmental status’ means good environmental status as defined in Article 3, point (5), of Directive 2008/56/EC;

Removed:(6) ‘sufficient quality of habitat’ means the quality of a habitat of a species which allows the ecological requirements of a species to be met at any stage of its biological cycle so that it is maintaining itself on a long-term basis as a viable component of its habitat in its natural range, contributing to reaching or maintaining favourable conservation status of species according to the Article 1, point (i) of Directive 92/43/EEC for species listed in Annex II, IV or V to that Directive and securing populations of wild bird species covered by Directive 2009/147/EC and, in addition, in marine ecosystems, contributing to achieving or maintaining good environmental status according to Article 3(5) of Directive 2008/56/EC;

Added:(6) ‘favourable conservation status for a habitat’ means favourable conservation status within the meaning of Article 1, point (e), of Directive 92/43/EEC;

Changed:(7a)(8) ‘deterioration’‘favourable reference area’ means causingthe total area of a nethabitat adversetype effectin ona given biogeographical or marine region at national level that is considered the minimum necessary to ensure the long-term viability of the habitat typestype and habitatsits oftypical species coveredor bytypical Articlespecies 4(6)composition, and (7)all andthe Articlesignificant 5(6)ecological andvariations (7),of inthat sohabitat fartype asin thatits effectnatural couldrange, beand significantwhich inis relationcomposed toof the overallcurrent objectivearea of Articlesthe 4habitat andtype 5and, toif maintainthat orarea restoreis suchnot sufficient for the long-term viability of the habitat typestype and habitatsits oftypical species toor atypical favourablespecies conservationcomposition, statusthe atadditional nationalarea and,necessary dependentfor the re-establishment of the habitat typetype; orwhere the habitat oftype aconcerned speciesis concerned,listed atin Annex I to Directive 92/43/EEC, such re-establishment contributes to reaching favourable conservation status for a biogeographicalhabitat level.and, [Am.in 117/rev1]marine ecosystems, such re-establishment contributes to achieving or maintaining good environmental status;

Added:(9) ‘sufficient quality of habitat’ means the quality of a habitat of a species which allows the ecological requirements of a species to be met at any stage of its biological cycle so that it is maintaining itself on a long-term basis as a viable component of its habitat in its natural range, contributing to reaching or maintaining favourable conservation status for a species listed in Annex II, IV or V to Directive 92/43/EEC and securing populations of wild bird species covered by Directive 2009/147/EC and, in addition, in marine ecosystems, contributing to achieving or maintaining good environmental status;

Added:(10) ‘sufficient quantity of habitat’ means the quantity of a habitat of a species which allows the ecological requirements of a species to be met at any stage of its biological cycle so that it is maintaining itself on a long-term basis as a viable component of its habitat in its natural range, contributing to reaching or maintaining favourable conservation status for a species listed in Annex II, IV or V to Directive 92/43/EEC and securing populations of wild bird species covered by Directive 2009/147/EC and, in addition, in marine ecosystems, contributing to achieving or maintaining good environmental status;

Added:(11) ‘very common and widespread habitat type’ means a habitat type that occurs in several biogeographical regions in the Union with a range exceeding 10 000 km²;

Changed:(9a)(14) ‘native tree species’ means a tree species occurring within its natural rangerange, (pastpast or present)present, and dispersal potentialpotential, (i.e.i.e. within the range it occupies naturally or could occupy without direct or indirect introduction or care by humans);humans;

Changed:(10)(15) ‘local administrative unit’ or ‘LAU’ means a low-level administrative division of a Member StateState, below that of a province, region or state, established in accordance with Article 4 of Regulation (EC) No 1059/2003 of the European Parliament and of the Council;

Changed:(10a)(16) ‘urban centres’ and ‘urban clusters’ means territorial units classified in cities and towns and suburbs using the grid-based typology established in accordance with Article 4b.24b(2) of Regulation (EC) No 1059/2003;

Changed:(11)(17) ‘cities’ means LAUs where at least 50 % of the population lives in one or more urban centres, measured using the degree of urbanisation established in accordance with Article 4b.3,4b(3), point (a), of Regulation (EC) No 1059/2003;

Changed:(12)(18) ‘towns and suburbs’ means LAUs where less than 50 % of the population lives in an urban centre, but at least 50 % of the population lives in an urban cluster, measured using the degree of urbanisation established in accordance with Article 4b.3,4b(3), point (a)(a), of Regulation (EC) No 1059/2003;

Changed:(13)(20) ‘urban green space’ means the total area of trees, bushes, shrubs, permanent herbaceous vegetation, lichens and mosses, ponds and watercourses found within cities or towns and suburbssuburbs, calculated on the basis of data provided by the Copernicus Land Monitoring Service as established byunder Regulationthe (EU)Copernicus 2021/696component of the EuropeanUnion ParliamentSpace andProgramme, ofestablished theby Council,Regulation (EU) 2021/696, and, if available for the Member State concerned, other appropriate supplementary data provided by that Member State;

Changed:(14)(21) ‘urban tree canopy cover’ means the total area of tree cover within cities and towns and suburbs, calculated on the basis of the Tree Cover Density data provided by the Copernicus Land Monitoring Service as established byunder Regulationthe (EU)Copernicus 2021/696component of the EuropeanUnion ParliamentSpace andProgramme, ofestablished theby Council,Regulation (EU) 2021/696, and, if available for the Member State concerned, other appropriate supplementary data provided by that Member State;

Changed:(14a) ‘free(22) flowing‘free-flowing river’ means a river or a stretch of river whosethe longitudinal, lateral and vertical connectivity of which is not hindered by artificial structures forming a barrier and whosethe natural functions of which are largely unaffected;

Changed:(14b)(23) ‘rewetting peatland’ means the process of changing a drained peat soil towards a wet peat soil;

Changed:(15)(24) ‘renewables acceleration area’ means renewables acceleration area as defined in point 9(a) of Article 2 of2, Directivepoint 2018/2001/EU(9a), of the European Parliament and ofDirective the(EU) Council.2018/2001.

Changed:1. Member States shall aim to put in place the restoration measures in Natura 2000 sites that are necessary to move towardsimprove reachingto favourablegood conservationcondition statusareas of habitat types listed in Annex I which are not in good condition. Such restoration measures shall be put in place on Natura 2000 network area of habitat types listed in Annex I that are not in good condition, as quantified in the national restoration plan referred to in Article 12. [Am. 21]place:

Removed:2. Member States shall put in place the restoration measures that are necessary to re-establish the habitat types listed in Annex I in areas not covered by those habitat types with the aim to reach their favourable reference area. Such measures shall be in place in areas necessary to ensure fulfilment of the goals laid down in paragraph 1 of this Article▌. [Am. 99]

Added:(a) by 2030 on at least 30 % of the total area of all habitat types listed in Annex I that is not in good condition, as quantified in the national restoration plan referred to in Article 15;

Removed:3. Member States shall put in place the restoration measures for the terrestrial, coastal and freshwater habitats of the species listed in Annexes II, IV and V to Directive 92/43/EEC and of the terrestrial, coastal and freshwater habitats of wild birds covered by Directive 2009/147/EC that are, in addition to the restoration measures in accordance with paragraphs 1 and 2 of this Article, necessary to improve the quality and quantity of those habitats, including by re-establishing them, and to enhance connectivity, until sufficient quality and quantity of those habitats is achieved.

Added:(b) by 2040 on at least 60 % and by 2050, on at least 90 % of the area of each group of habitat types listed in Annex I that is not in good condition, as quantified in the national restoration plan referred to in Article 15.

Changed:(c) a plan or project of overriding public interest for which no less damaging alternative solutions are available, to be determined on a case by case basis; or

Removed:(ca) in exceptional circumstances, linked to the realisation or continuation of activities of public interest, the non-fulfilment of the obligations set out in paragraph 6 shall be justified, provided that it does not jeopardise the achievement of the restoration targets set out in paragraphs 1, 2 and 3. Member States shall inform the Commission about such exceptional circumstances and duly justify them without delay; or [Am. 6]

Added:(d) action or inaction by third countries for which the Member State concerned is not responsible.

Removed:(d) action or inaction from third countries for which the Member State concerned is not responsible.

Added:15. Outside Natura 2000 sites, the obligation set out in paragraph 12 shall not apply to deterioration caused by:

Changed:(c) plansa plan or projectsproject of overriding public interest for which no less damaging alternative solutions are available; or

Changed:(d) action or inaction fromby third countries for which the Member State concerned is not responsible.

Changed:9.16. ForWithin Natura 2000 sites, the non-fulfilment of the obligations set out in paragraphs 611 and 7,12 is justified if it is caused by:

Changed:(a) force majeuremajeure, including natural disasters;

Changed:(b) unavoidable habitat transformations which are directly caused by climate change:;change; or

Changed:(a) an increase of habitatthe area in good condition for habitat types listed in Annex I until at least 90 % is in good condition and until the favourable reference area for each habitat type in each biogeographic region of the Member State concerned is reached;

Changed:(b) an increasing trend towards the sufficient quality and quantity of the terrestrial, coastal and freshwater habitats of the species referred tolisted in Annexes II, IV and V to Directive 92/43/EEC and of the species coveredfalling bywithin the scope of Directive 2009/147/EC.

Removed:10a. In the measures to be taken under this Article, Member States shall take into account economic, social and cultural requirements and regional and local particularities, in accordance with Article 2(3) of Directive 92/43/EEC. [Am. 27]

Changed:1. Member States shall put in place the restoration measures that are necessary to improve to good condition areas of habitat types listed in Annex II which are not in good condition. Such restoration measures shall be put in place:

Changed:(a) by 2030, on at least 30 % by 2030 of the total area of groups 1–61 to 6 of the habitat types listed in Annex II that is not in good condition, as quantified in the national restoration plan referred to in Article 12;15;

Changed:(b) by 2040, on at least 60 % byand, 2040by and2050, on at least 90 % by 2050 of the area of each of the groups 1–61 to 6 of the habitat types listed in Annex II that is not in good condition, as quantified in the national restoration plan referred to in Article 12;15;

Changed:(c) by 2040, on at least two thirds of the percentage,percentage referred to in point (d),(d) byof 2040this paragraph of the area of group 7 of the habitat types listed in Annex II that is not in good condition, as quantified in the national restoration plan referred to in Article 12;15; and

Changed:(d) by 2050, on a percentage, identified in accordance with Article 11(2a), by 205014(3), of the area of group 7 of the habitat types listed in Annex II that is not in good condition, as quantified in the national restoration plan referred to in Article 12.15.

Changed:The percentage,percentage referred to in the first subparagraph, point (d)(d), of this paragraph,Article shall be set so as not to prevent good environmental status, as determined pursuant to Article 9(1) of Directive 2008/56/EC, from being achieved or maintained.

Removed:▌ [Am. 29]

Added:2. Member States shall put in place the restoration measures that are necessary to re-establish the habitat types in groups 1 to 6 listed in Annex II in areas where those habitat types do not occur, with the aim of reaching the favourable reference area for those habitat types. Such measures shall be in place on areas representing at least 30 % of the additional surface needed to reach the favourable reference area for each group of habitat types, as quantified in the national restoration plan referred to in Article 15, by 2030, on areas representing at least 60 % of that surface by 2040, and on 100 % of that surface by 2050.

Removed:3. Member States shall put in place the restoration measures for the marine habitats of species listed in Annex III and in Annexes II, IV and V to Directive 92/43/EEC and for the marine habitats of wild birds covered under Directive 2009/147/EC, that are, in addition to the restoration measures put in place in accordance with paragraphs 1 and 2 of this Article, necessary in order to improve the quality and quantity of those habitats, including by re-establishing them, and to enhance connectivity, until sufficient quality and quantity of those habitats is achieved.

Added:3. By way of derogation from paragraph 2 of this Article, if a Member State considers that it is not possible to put in place restoration measures by 2050 that are necessary to reach the favourable reference area for a specific habitat type on 100 % of the surface, the Member state concerned may set a lower percentage at a level between 90 % and 100 % in its national restoration plan as referred to in Article 15 and provide adequate justification. In such a case, the Member State shall gradually put in place restoration measures that are necessary to achieve that lower percentage by 2050. By 2030, those restoration measures shall cover at least 30 % of the additional surface needed to achieve such lower percentage by 2050, and by 2040, they shall cover at least 60 % of the additional surface needed to achieve such lower percentage by 2050.

Changed:5.6. The determination of the most suitable areas for restoration measures referredin toaccordance inwith paragraphs 11, 2 and 25 of this Article shall considerbe based on the needbest foravailable improvedknowledge ecologicaland coherencethe latest technical and connectivityscientific betweenprogress in determining the condition of the habitat types listed in Annex II andto takethis intoRegulation account▌and the ecologicalquality requirementsand quantity of the habitats of the species referred to in paragraph 35 thatof occurthis inArticle, thosemaking habitatuse types.of information reported under Article 17 of Directive 92/43/EEC, Article 12 of Directive 2009/147/EC and Article 17 of Directive 2008/56/EC.

Removed:6. Member States shall endeavour to ensure that the areas that are subject to restoration measures in accordance with paragraphs 1, 2 and 3 show a continuous improvement in the condition of the habitat types listed in Annex II until good condition is reached, and a continuous improvement of the quality of the habitats of the species referred to in paragraph 3, until the sufficient quality of those habitats is reached. Member States shall endeavour to put in place, where possible, necessary measures with the aim to prevent that areas in which good condition has been reached, and in which the sufficient quality of the habitats of the species has been reached, do not significantly deteriorate on a national level. [Am. 125/rev1]

Added:7. Member States shall ensure that the condition is known of the following areas:

Removed:▌ [Ams. 32, 104 and 126/rev1]

Added:(a) by 2030, for at least 50 % of the area distributed over all habitat types in groups 1 to 6 listed in Annex II;

Removed:▌

Added:(c) a plan or project of overriding public interest for which no less damaging alternative solutions are available, to be determined on a case by case basis; or

Removed:(ca) in exceptional circumstances, linked to the realisation or continuation of activities of public interest, the non-fulfilment of the obligations set out in paragraph 6 shall be justified, provided that it does not jeopardise the achievement of the restoration targets set out in paragraphs 1, 2 and 3. Member States shall inform the Commission about such exceptional circumstances and duly justify them without delay; [Am. 7]

Added:(d) action or inaction by third countries for which the Member State concerned is not responsible.

Changed:(c) plansa plan or projectsproject of overriding public interest, for which no less damaging alternative solutions are available; or

Changed:(d) action or inaction fromby third countries for which the Member State concerned is not responsible.

Changed:9.13. ForWithin Natura 2000 sites, the non-fulfilment of the obligationobligations set out in paragraphs 69 and 7,10 is justified if it is caused by:

Changed:(a) an increase of habitatthe area in good condition for habitat types listed inof groups 1–61 to 6 of the habitat types listed in Annex II until at least 90 % is in good condition and until the favourable reference area for each habitat type in each biogeographic region of the Member State concerned is reached;

Changed:(aa)(b) an increase of habitatthe area in good condition for habitat types listed inof group 7 of the habitat types listed in Annex II until at least the percentage, referred to in paragraph 1, first subparagraph, point (d), is in good condition and until the favourable reference area for each habitat type in each biogeographical region of the Member State concerned is reached;

Changed:(b)(c) aan positiveincreasing trend towards the sufficient quality and quantity of the marine habitats of the species listed in Annex III to this Regulation and in Annexes II, IV and V to Directive 92/43/EEC and of the species coveredfalling bywithin the scope of Directive 2009/147/EC.

Changed:Article 5a6 Energy from renewable sources

Changed:1. For the purposes of ArticlesArticle 4(8)4(14) and (8a)(15) and 5(8)Article 5(11) and (8a),(12), the planning, construction and operation of plants for the production of energy from renewable sources, their connection to the grid and the related grid itselfitself, and storage assets shall be presumed asto beingbe in the overriding public interest. Member States may exempt them from the requirement that no less damaging alternative solutions are available under Articles 4(8) and (8a) andArticle 5(8)4(14) and (8a), if a strategic environmental assessment has been carried out in accordance with the conditions set out in Directive 2001/42/EC or if they have been subject to an environmental impact assessment in accordance with the conditions set out in Directive (EU) 2011/92. Member States may restrict in duly justified(15) and specific circumstances the application of these provisions to certain parts of their territory as well as to certain types of technologies or to projects with certain technical characteristics in accordance with the priorities set in their national integratedArticle energy5(11) and climate plans pursuant to Regulation (EU) 2018/1999. Member States shall inform the Commission about applied restrictions and(12), justifyprovided them.that:

Removed:Article 5b National defence

Added:(a) a strategic environmental assessment has been carried out in accordance with the conditions set out in Directive 2001/42/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council; or

Removed:1. When putting in place restoration measures for the purposes of Articles 4(1), (2) and (3) and 5(1), (2) and (3), Member States may exempt areas used for activities with the sole purpose of national defence, if these measures are deemed to be incompatible with the continued military use of the areas in question.

Added:(b) they have been subject to an environmental impact assessment in accordance with the conditions set out in Directive 2011/92/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council.

Changed:3.4. The non-fulfilment of the obligations set out in paragraphs 2 and 2a3 is justified if caused by:

Removed:Article10a

Added:Article 13 Planting three billion additional trees

Removed:Planting of three billion additional trees

Added:1. When identifying and implementing the restoration measures to fulfil the objectives and obligations set out in Articles 4 and 8 to 12, Member States shall aim to contribute to the commitment of planting at least three billion additional trees by 2030 at Union level.

Changed:Article 1114 Preparation of the national restoration plans

Changed:1. Member States shall each prepare a national restoration plansplan and carry out the preparatory monitoring and research needed to identify the restoration measures that are necessary to contribute tomeet the Unionrestoration targets and meetfulfil the obligations set out in Articles 4 to 10, taking into account the latest scientific evidence, the needs of local13 communities,and includingto urbancontribute ones,to the mostUnion’s cost-effectiveoverarching measuresobjectives and the socio-economic impact of those measures. An appropriate stakeholder involvement, includingtargets landownersset andout landin managers,Article at1, eachtaking stageinto ofaccount the process is necessary.latest [Am.scientific 35]evidence.

Changed:2. Member statesStates shall quantify the area that needs to be restored to reachmeet the restoration targets set out in Articles 4 and 55, taking into account the condition of the habitat types referred to in ArticlesArticle 4(1),4(1) 4(2),and (4) and Article 5(1) and 5(2)(2) and the quality and quantity of the habitats of the species referred to in Article 4(3)4(7) and Article 5(3)5(5) ▌.that are present in the ecosystems covered by Article 2. The quantification shall be based, amongstinter others,alia, on the following information:

Changed:(ii) the habitat area that is not in good condition;

Changed:(iii) the favourable reference areaarea, taking into account records of historical distribution and the projected changes to environmental conditions due to climate change;

Removed:▌ [Am. 37]

Added:(iv) the areas most suitable for the re-establishment of habitat types in view of ongoing and projected changes to environmental conditions due to climate change;

Changed:(b) the sufficient quality and quantity of the habitats of the species required for achievingreaching their favourable conservation status, taking into account the areas most suitable ▌for re-establishment of those habitatsbearinghabitats, and the connectivity needed between them in mindorder changesfor ▌the duespecies populations to climatethrive, changeas andwell theas rolesongoing thatand theprojected landchanges playsto inenvironmental termsconditions ofdue foodto production,climate andchange, the competing needs of the habitats and species;species, [Am.and 38]the presence of high nature value farmland.

Changed:(ba) forFor the purpose of quantifying the area of each habitat type that needs to be restored to reachmeet the restoration targets set out in Article 4(1), point (a), and Article 5(1), point (a), the habitat area that is not in good condition referred to in the first subparagraph, point (a)(ii)(a)(ii), of this paragraph shall only include suchthose areas for which the condition of the habitat type is known;known.

Changed:(bb) forFor the purpose of quantifying the area of each habitat type that needs to be restored to reachmeet the restoration targets set out in ArticlesArticle 4(1), point (b), and Article 5(1), points (b), (c) and (d), the habitat area that is not in good condition as referred to in the first subparagraph, point (a)(ii)(a)(ii), of this paragraph shall only include suchthose areas for which the condition of the habitat type is known or is to be known pursuant to ArticlesArticle 4(4a)4(9) and 5(4a);Article 5(7).

Removed:(bc) feasibility of restoration, cost-effectiveness and conflicting socio-economic interests; [Am. 39]

Added:If a Member State intends to apply the derogation laid down in Article 4(2), that Member State shall identify the percentages referred to in that Article.

Removed:(bd) population densities and scarcity of space in the Member State. [Am. 40]

Added:If a Member State intends to apply the derogation laid down in Article 4(5) and Article 5(3), that Member State shall identify the lower percentages chosen pursuant to those Articles.

Changed:2b. With regard4. toMember groupStates 7shall ofdetermine habitatand typesmap listedurban inecosystem Annexareas II,as Memberreferred Statesto shallin setArticle the8 percentagefor referredall totheir incities Articleand 5(1),towns pointand (d).suburbs.

Removed:2c. Member States shall determine and map urban ecosystem areas as referred to in Article 6 for all their cities and towns and suburbs.

Changed:Member States may aggregate the urban ecosystem areas of two or more adjacent citiescities, and/oror two or more adjacent towns and suburbssuburbs, or both, into one urban ecosystem area common to those citiescities, and/oror towns and suburbs.suburbs, respectively.

Changed:3.5. By 2030, Member States shall set, by 2030 at the latest, satisfactory levels for each of the indicators referred to in Articles 8(1), 9(2), 10(2), for each of the chosen indicators in Article 10(2a) and for urban green space referred to in Article 6(2) and for urban tree canopy cover referred to in Article 6(3), through an open and effective process and assessment,assessment based on the latest scientific evidence▌,evidence, the guiding framework referred to in Article 17(9a)20(10) and, if available, the guiding framework referred to in Article 17(9).20(11) satisfactory levels for:

Added:(a) pollinator populations referred to in Article 10(1) and for the indicator referred to in Article 12(2);

Added:(b) each of the chosen indicators referred to in Article 11(2);

Added:(c) each of the chosen indicators referred to in Article 12(3);

Added:(d) urban green space referred to in Article 8(2); and

Changed:4a.7. Each Member StatesState may, withinby one... [one year from the date of entry into force of this Regulation,Regulation], develop a methodology to complement the methodology referred to in Annex IV, in order to monitor high diversityhigh-diversity landscape features not covered by the common method referred to in the description of high diversityhigh-diversity landscape features in that Annex. The Commission shall provide guidance on the framework for developing such methodologymethodologies withinby one... [one month from the date of entry into force of this Regulation.Regulation].

Changed:4b.8. Member States shall, where applicable, determine the reduction of the extent of the rewetting of peatland under agricultural use, as referred to in Article 9(4),11(4), fifth subparagraph.

Changed:(a) their integrated national energy and climate planplans referred to in Article 3 of Regulation (EU) 2018/1999;

Changed:(c) the Union binding overall Union target for 2030 set out in Article 3 of Directive 2018/2001/EU of the European Parliament and of the(EU) Council.2018/2001.

Removed:6. Member States shall coordinate the development of national restoration plans with the mapping of areas that are required in order to meet at least their national contributions towards the 2030 renewable energy target and, where relevant, with the designation of the renewables acceleration areas and dedicated infrastructure areas. During the preparation of the nature restoration plans, Member States shall ensure synergies with the build-up of renewable energy and energy infrastructure and the already designated renewables acceleration areas and dedicated infrastructure areas and ensure that the functioning of these renewables ▌areas, including the permitting procedures applicable in these renewables ▌areas foreseen by Directive (EU) 2018/2001, as well as the functioning of grid projects that are necessary to integrate renewable energy into the electricity system and the respective permitting procedures, remain unchanged.

Added:10. Member States shall identify synergies with agriculture and forestry. They shall also identify existing agricultural and forestry practices, including CAP interventions, that contribute to the objectives of this Regulation.

Removed:7. When preparing their national restoration plans, Member States shall in particular take the following into account:

Added:11. The implementation of this Regulation shall not imply an obligation for Member States to reprogramme any funding under the CAP, the CFP or other agricultural and fisheries funding programmes and instruments under the MFF 2021-2027.

Changed:(c) measures for achieving good quantitative, ecological and chemical status of water bodies included in the programmes of measures and river basin management plans prepared in accordance with Directive 2000/60/EC and flood risk management plans established in accordance with Directive 2000/60/EC;2007/60/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council;

Changed:(g) where applicable, conservation and management measures adopted under the common fisheries policy;CFP;

Changed:(h) CAP strategic plans drawn up in accordance with Regulation (EU) 2021/2115.2021/2115;

Removed:8. Member States may, when preparing the national restoration plans, make use of the different examples of restoration measures listed in Annex VII, depending on specific national and local conditions, and the latest scientific evidence.

Added:15. When preparing their national restoration plans Member States shall also take into account strategic critical raw material projects where recognised under Union law.

Removed:9. Member States shall, when preparing the national restoration plans, aim at optimising the ecological, economic and social functions of ecosystems as well as their contribution to the sustainable development of the relevant regions and communities.

Added:16. When preparing their national restoration plans, Member States:

Changed:10a.18. Member States may, where practical and appropriate, for the purpose of establishingpreparing and implementing national restoration plans, in relation to the restoration and re-establishment of marine ecosystems, use existing regional institutional cooperation structures.

Changed:10b.19. Where Member States identify an issue which is likely to prevent the fulfilment of the obligations to restore and re-establish marine ecosystemsecosystems, and which requires measures for which they are not competent, they shall, individually or jointly, address, where concerned, Member States, the Commission or international organisations, providing them with a description of the identified issuesissue and of possible measures, with a view to their consideration and possiblepotential adoption.

Changed:11.20. Member States shall ensure that the preparation of the restoration plan is open, transparent, inclusive and effective and that the public especially landowners, land managers, maritime stakeholders,public, andincluding otherall relevant actors, such as advice and extension services , in compliance with the principle of prior and informed consent,stakeholders, areis given early and effective opportunities to participate in the preparation of the plan. Local and regional authorities, as well as relevant management authorities, shall be properly involved in the preparation of theits plan.preparation. Consultations shall comply with the requirements set out in ▌Directive 2001/42/EC. [Am. 12]

Changed:Article 1215 Content of the national restoration plansplan

Changed:1. The national restoration plan shall cover the period up to 2050, with intermediate deadlines corresponding to the targets and obligations set out in Articles 4 to 10.13.

Changed:1a.2. By way of derogation from paragraph 1,1 of this Article, the national restoration plan to be submitted in accordance with Article 1316 and Article 14(6)17(6) may, with regard to the period beyondfrom June1 July 2032, and until reviewed in accordance with Article 15(1),19(1), be limited to a strategic overview of:of the following:

Changed:(a) the elements referred to in paragraph 2,3; and;and

Changed:(b) the contents referred to in paragraphs 34 and 3a.5.

Changed:The revised national restoration plan resulting from the review to be carried out beforeby July30 June 2032 in accordance with Article 15(1)19(1) may, with regard to the period beyondfrom June1 July 2042, and until revised beforeby July30 June 2042 in accordance with Article 15(1),19(1), be limited to a strategic overview of thosethe elements and contents.contents referred to in first subparagraph of this paragraph.

Changed:2.3. Each Member StatesState shall include the following elements in theirthe national restoration plan, using the uniform format established in accordance with paragraph 47 of this Article:

Changed:(a) the quantification of the areas to be restored to reachmeet the restoration targets set out in Articles 4 to 1012 based on the preparatory work undertaken in accordance with Article 1114 and indicative maps of potential areas to be restored.restored;

Removed:(b) a description of the restoration measures planned, or put in place, for achieving the targets and obligations set out in Articles 4 to 10 and a specification regarding which of those restoration measures are planned, or put in place, within the Natura 2000 network established in accordance with Directive 92/43/EEC;

Added:(b) if a Member State applies the derogation laid down in Article 4(5) or Article 5(3), a justification of the reasons why it is not possible to put in place restoration measures by 2050 that are necessary to reach the favourable reference area of a specific habitat type and a justification of the lower percentage set pursuant to those Articles, as identified by that Member State;

Removed:(ba) a dedicated section setting out the measures for achieving the obligations in Articles 4(4a) and 5(4a);

Added:(c) a description of the restoration measures planned, or put in place, to meet the restoration targets and fulfil the obligations set out in Articles 4 to 13 of this Regulation and a specification regarding which of those restoration measures are planned, or put in place, within the Natura 2000 network established in accordance with Directive 92/43/EEC;

Changed:(l)(u) the estimated financing needs for the implementation of the restoration measures, which shall include thea description of the support to stakeholders affected by restoration measures or other new obligations arising from this Regulation, and the means of intended financing, public or private, including (co-) financing or co-financing with Union funding instruments;

Changed:(m)(v) an indication of the subsidies which negatively affect the achievementmeeting of the targets and the fulfilment of the obligations set out in this Regulation;

Changed:(o)(x) a dedicated section indicating how observations from the Commission on the draft national restoration plan referred to in Article 14(4)17(4) have been taken into account in accordance with Article 14(5).17(5); Ifif the Member State concerned does not address an observation from the Commission or a substantial part thereof, that Member State shall provide its reasons.

Changed:3.4. The national restoration plansplan shall, where applicable, include the conservation and management measures that a Member State intends to adopt under the common fisheries policy,CFP, including conservation measures in joint recommendations that a Member State intends to initiate in accordance with the procedure set out in Regulation (EU) No 1380/2013,1380/2013 and referred to in Article 18 of this Regulation, and any relevant information on those measures.

Changed:3a.5. The national restoration plansplan shall include an overview of the interplay between the measures included in the national restoration plan and the national strategic plan under the commonCAP agriculturalstrategic policy.plan.

Changed:3b.6. Where appropriate, the national restoration plansplan shall include an overview of considerations related to the diversity of situations in various regions as referred to in Article 11(9a).14(16), point (c).

Changed:4.7. The Commission shallshall, adoptby implementingmeans actsof toimplementing acts, establish a uniform format for the national restoration plans.plan. Those implementing acts shall be adopted in accordance with the examination procedure referred to in Article 21(2).24(2). The Commission shall be assisted by the European Environmental Agency (EEA)EEA when drawing up the uniform format. By ...[date… =[date: the first day of the month following 3three months afterfrom the date of entry into force of this Regulation], the Commission shall submit the draft implementing acts to the committee referred to in Article 21(1).24(1).

Changed:Article 1316 Submission of the draft national restoration plan

Changed:Each Member StatesState shall submit a draft of the national restoration plan referred to in Articles 1114 and 1215 to the Commission by… [OP please insert the dateby =… the[the first day of the month following 24 months afterfrom the date of entry into force of this Regulation].

Changed:Article 1417 Assessment of the national restoration plansplan

Changed:1. The Commission shall assess the draft national restoration plansplan within six months of the date of its receipt. When carrying out that assessment, the Commission shall act in close cooperation with the Member State concerned.State.

Removed:2. When considering the national restoration plan, the Commission shall evaluate its compliance with Article 12, as well as its adequacy for meeting the targets and obligations set out in Articles 4 to 10, as well as the Union’s overarching objectives referred to in Article 1 and the specific objectives referred to in Article 7(1) to restore at least 20 000 km of rivers into free-flowing rivers in the Union by 2035. The Commission shall also consider the socio-economic impact especially on rural areas and the impact of the national restoration plan in particular on agricultural and forestry production in order to ensure that it does not result in production moving outside the Union. [Am. 43]

Added:2. When assessing the draft national restoration plan, the Commission shall evaluate:

Removed:3. For the purpose of the assessment of the draft national restoration plans, the Commission shall be assisted by experts or the EEA.

Added:(a) its compliance with Article 15;

Changed:2.3. The Commission shall facilitate and monitor progress in relationthe tosubmission deadlinesof forjoint recommendations under the measuresCFP. thatMember requireStates theshall submissionsubmit ofthe joint recommendations underon the commonconservation fisheriesmeasures policy.necessary to contribute to meeting the targets set in Article 5 at the latest 18 months before the respective deadline.

Changed:3.4. IfIn Memberthe Statesabsence failof joint recommendations referred to submitin theparagraph joint2 recommendationsof asthis setArticle outbefore inthe Regulationrespective (EU)deadline Noreferred 1380/2013to in dueparagraph time,3 theof Commissionthis shallArticle, adoptconcerning theconservation measures nonecessary laterfor thancompliance 12with monthsobligations afterunder theUnion deadlineenvironmental forlegislation thereferred submissionto in Article 11 of theRegulation joint(EU) recommendationNo set1380/2013, bythe paragraphCommission 1may ofmake thisfull Article,use usingof the tools provided for in accordance with Article 11(4) of Regulation (EU)that NoRegulation 1380/2013as inand thewhere absenceappropriate ofunder athe jointconditions recommendation.set [Am.out 15]therein.

Changed:Article 1519 Review of the national restoration plansplan

Removed:1. Member States shall review and revise their national restoration plan and include supplementary measures before July 2032 and before July 2042. At least once every 10 years thereafter, Member States shall review their national restoration plan and, if necessary, revise it and include supplementary measures. The reviews shall be carried out in accordance with Articles 11 and 12, taking into account progress made in the implementation of the plans, the best available scientific evidence as well as available knowledge of changes or expected changes in environmental conditions due to climate change. In the reviews to be carried out before July 2032 and before July 2042, Member States shall take into account knowledge on the condition of habitat types listed in Annexes I and II gained in accordance with the obligations in Articles 4(4a) and 5(4a). Member States shall publish and communicate to the Commission their revised national restoration plan.

Added:1. Each Member State shall review and revise its national restoration plan, and include supplementary measures, by 30 June 2032 and subsequently by 30 June 2042. At least once every ten years thereafter, each Member State shall review its national restoration plan and, if necessary, revise it and include supplementary measures.

Removed:2. Where monitoring in accordance with Article 17 indicates that the measures set out in the national restoration plan will not be sufficient to comply with the targets and obligations set out in Articles 4 to 10, the Member State shall review the national restoration plan, and if necessary revise it and include supplementary measures. Member States shall publish and communicate to the Commission the revised national restoration plan.

Added:The reviews shall be carried out in accordance with Articles 14 and 15, taking into account progress made in the implementation of the plans, the best available scientific evidence as well as available knowledge of changes or expected changes in environmental conditions due to climate change. In the reviews to be carried out by 30 June 2032 and by 30 June 2042, Member States shall take into account the knowledge on the condition of habitat types listed in Annexes I and II acquired in accordance with Article 4(9) and Article 5(7). Each Member State shall publish and submit to the Commission its revised national restoration plan.

Changed:3.2. BasedWhere onmonitoring thecarried informationout referredin toaccordance inwith Article 18(1) and20 (2)indicates andthat the assessmentmeasures referredset toout in Article 18(4) and (5), if the Commission considers that the progress madenational byrestoration aplan Memberwill Statenot isbe insufficientsufficient to comply withmeet the restoration targets and fulfil the obligations set out in Articles 4 to 10, the Commission may, after consultation with13, the Member State concerned,shall requestreview the Member State ▌to submit a revised draft national restoration plan with supplementary measures. That revised national restoration plan with supplementaryand, measuresif shallnecessary, berevise publishedit and submitted within six months from the date of receipt of the request from the Commission. On requestinclude bysupplementary themeasures. Member StateStates concernedshall andpublish whereand dulysubmit justified,to the Commission may extend that deadline withtheir anrevised additionalnational sixrestoration months.plans.

Removed:▌ [Ams. 18cp and 44]

Added:3. Based on the information referred to in Article 21(1) and (2) and the assessment referred to in Article 21(4) and (5), if the Commission considers that the progress made by a Member State is insufficient to meet the targets and fulfil the obligations set out in Articles 4 to 13, the Commission may, after consultation with the Member State concerned, request the Member State to submit a revised draft national restoration plan with supplementary measures. The Member State shall publish that revised national restoration plan with supplementary measures and submit it to the Commission within six months from the date of receipt of the request from the Commission. Upon request of the Member State concerned and where duly justified, the Commission may extend that deadline by an additional six months.

Changed:Article 1720 Monitoring

Changed:(a) the condition and trend in the condition of the habitat typestypes, and the quality and the trend in the quality of the habitats of the species referred to in Articles 4 and 5 in the areas subject to restoration measures on the basis of the monitoring referred to in Article 12(2),15(3), point (h);(p);

Changed:(b) the area of urban green space and urban tree canopy cover within urban ecosystem areasareas, determinedas inreferred accordanceto within 11(2b),Article as8 referredand todetermined in accordance with Article 6;14(4);

Changed:(c) theat indicatorsleast two of the biodiversity inindicators for agricultural ecosystems listedchosen by the Member State in Annexaccordance IV;with Article 11(2);

Changed:(e) the three indicators of biodiversity inindicator for forest ecosystems listedreferred to in Article 10(2);12(2);

Changed:(ea) three(f) ofat theleast indicatorssix of the biodiversity inindicators for forest ecosystems listed in Article 10(2a), chosen by the Member State;State in accordance with Article 12(3);

Changed:(f)(g) the abundance and diversity of pollinator species, according to the method established in accordance with Article 8(2);10(2);

Changed:(h)(i) the area and the quality of the habitat of the species referred to in Article 4(3),4(7), and Article 5(3)5(5) ▌.▌;

Added:(j) the extent and location of the areas where habitat types and habitats of the species have significantly deteriorated and of the areas subject to compensatory measures taken under Article 4(13), as well as the effectiveness of the compensatory measures to ensure that any deterioration of habitat types and habitats of the species is not significant at the level of each biogeographical region in their territory and to ensure that meeting the targets and fulfilling the objectives set out in Articles 1, 4 and 5 is not jeopardised.

Changed:3. The monitoring in accordance with paragraph 1, points (b), (c), (d), (e) and (ea)(f), shall start on [OP please insert the… date[date of entry into force of this Regulation].

Changed:4. The monitoring in accordance with paragraph 1, point (f),(g), of this Article shall start one year after the entry into force of the implementingdelegated act referred to in Article 8(2).10(2).

Removed:5. The monitoring in accordance with paragraph 1, points (a) and, (b) shall be carried out at least every six years. The monitoring in accordance with paragraph 1, point (c), ▌concerning the stock of organic carbon in cropland mineral soils and the share of agricultural land with high-diversity landscape features, and (e) concerning the standing deadwood and the lying deadwood, and, where applicable, the share of forests with uneven-aged structure, the forest connectivity, the share of forest dominated by native tree species, the tree species diversity and the stock of organic carbon, shall be carried out at least every six years, or, where necessary to evaluate the achievement of increasing trends to 2030, with a shorter interval. The monitoring in accordance with that paragraph, point (c) concerning the grassland butterfly index, that paragraph, points (d) and (e) concerning the common forest bird index, and that paragraph, point (f) concerning pollinator species shall be carried out every year. The monitoring in accordance with that paragraph, points (g) and (h), shall be carried out at least every six years and shall be coordinated with the reporting cycle under Article 17 of Directive 92/43/EEC and the initial assessment under Article 17 of Directive 2008/56/EC.

Added:5. The monitoring in accordance with paragraph 1, point (j), of this Article shall start as soon as the notification referred to in Article 4(13) is submitted to the Commission.

Removed:6. Member States shall ensure that the indicators for agricultural ecosystems referred to in Article 9(2), point (b), and the indicators for forest ecosystems referred to in Articles 10 (2), points (a), (b), and 10(2a), point (c), of this Regulation, are monitored in a manner consistent with the monitoring required under Regulations (EU) 2018/841 and (EU) 2018/1999.

Added:6. The monitoring in accordance with paragraph 1, points (a) and (b), shall be carried out at least every six years. The monitoring in accordance with paragraph 1, point (c), concerning, where applicable, the stock of organic carbon in cropland mineral soils and the share of agricultural land with high-diversity landscape features, and paragraph 1, point (f), concerning, where applicable, the standing deadwood, the lying deadwood, the share of forests with uneven-aged structure, the forest connectivity, the stock of organic carbon, the share of forest dominated by native tree species and the tree species diversity, shall be carried out at least every six years, or, where necessary to evaluate the achievement of increasing trends to 2030, within a shorter interval. The monitoring in accordance with paragraph 1, point (c), concerning, where applicable, the grassland butterfly index, paragraph 1, point (d), concerning the common farmland bird index and paragraph 1, point (e) concerning the common forest bird index, and paragraph 1, point (g) concerning pollinator species shall be carried out every year. The monitoring in accordance with paragraph 1, points (h) and (i), shall be carried out at least every six years and shall be coordinated with the reporting cycle under Article 17 of Directive 92/43/EEC and the initial assessment under Article 17 of Directive 2008/56/EC. The monitoring in accordance with paragraph 1, point (j), shall be carried out every three years.

Removed:9. The Commission may adopt implementing acts to:

Added:10. By 31 December 2028, the Commission shall establish a guiding framework for setting the satisfactory levels referred to in Article 8(2) and (3), Article 10(1) and Article 11(2), by means of implementing acts.

Added:11. The Commission may, by means of implementing acts:

Changed:(c) establish a guiding framework for setting the satisfactory levels referred to in ArticlesArticle 10(2)12(2) and 10(2a).(3).

Changed:9a.12. ByImplementing 2028,acts thereferred Commissionto shallin adoptparagraphs implementing(10) actsand to(11) establishof athis guidingArticle frameworkshall forbe settingadopted in accordance with the satisfactoryexamination levelsprocedure referred to in Articles 6(2), 6(3), 8(1) andArticle 9(2).24(2).

Removed:9b. ▌Implementing acts pursuant to paragraphs 9 and 9a shall be adopted in accordance with the examination procedure referred to in Article 21(2).

Added:Article 21 Reporting

Removed:Article 18 Reporting

Added:1. By 30 June 2028 and at least every three years thereafter, Member States shall report electronically the following data to the Commission:

Changed:(b) an assessment of the funding needs to implement Articles 4 to 1013 and to achieve the objective set forthout in Article 1(2);

Changed:(c) an analysis to identify any funding gaps in the implementation of the obligations set out in the Regulation, including for the financial compensation of potential losses by landowners and land managers directly due to the implementation of this Regulation;

Changed:(d) where appropriate, proposals for adequate additional measures, including financial measures to address the gaps identified, such as the establishment of a dedicated instrumentfunding, and without prejudging the prerogatives of co-legislators for the adoption of the multiannual financial framework post 2027. [Am. 11]

Changed:7.8. Member States shall ensure that the information referred to in paragraphs 1 and 2 of this Article is adequate and up-to-date and that it is available to the public in accordance with Directives 2003/4/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council, Directive2003/4/EC, 2007/2/EC and (EU) 2019/1024 of the Parliament and of the Council.2019/1024.

Changed:CHAPTER V DELEGATED POWERS AND COMMITTEEIMPLEMENTING PROCEDUREACTS

Changed:Article 1922 Amendment of Annexes

Changed:1. The Commission is empowered to adopt delegated acts in accordance with Article 2023 in order to amend Annex I in order toby adaptadapting the way the ▌habitathabitat types are grouped to technical and scientific progress and to take into account the experience gained from the application of this Regulation.

Changed:2. The Commission is empowered to adopt delegated acts in accordance with Article 2023 in order to amend Annex II in order toby adapt:adapting:

Changed:(a) the list of habitat types to ensure consistency with updates to the European nature information system (EUNIS) habitat classification,classification; and;and

Changed:(b) the way the ▌habitathabitat types are grouped to technical and scientific progress and to take into account the experience gained from the application of this Regulation.

Changed:3. The Commission is empowered to adopt delegated acts in accordance with Article 2023 in order to amend Annex III in order toby adaptadapting the list of marine species referred to in Article 5 to technical and scientific progress.

Changed:4. The Commission is empowered to adopt delegated acts in accordance with Article 2023 in order to amend Annex IV, in orderIV toby adaptadapting the description, unit and methodology of biodiversity indicators for agricultural ecosystems to technical and scientific progress.

Changed:5. The Commission is empowered to adopt delegated acts in accordance with Article 2023 in order to amend Annex V in order toby adaptadapting the list of species used for the common farmland bird index in the Member States to technical and scientific progress.

Changed:6. The Commission is empowered to adopt delegated acts in accordance with Article 2023 in order to amend Annex VI in order toby adaptadapting the description, unit and methodology of biodiversity indicators for forest ecosystems to technical and scientific progress.

Changed:7. The Commission is empowered to adopt delegated acts in accordance with Article 2023 in order to amend Annex VII in order toby adaptadapting the list of examples of restoration measures to technical and scientific progress and to take into account the experience gained from the application of this Regulation.

Changed:Article 2023 Exercise of the delegation

Changed:2. The power to adopt delegated acts referred to in Article 1910(2) and Article 22(1) to (7) shall be conferred on the Commission for a period of 5five years from [OP please insert the… date[date of entry into force of this Regulation]. The Commission shall draw up a report in respect of the delegation of power not later than nine months before the end of the five-year period. The delegation of power shall be tacitly extended for periods of an identical duration unless the European Parliament or the Council opposes such extension not later than three months before the end of each period.

Changed:3. The delegation of power referred to in Article 1910(2) and Article 22(1) to (7) may be revoked at any time by the European Parliament or by the Council. A decision to revoke shall put an end to the delegation of the power specified in that decision. It shall take effect the day following the publication of the decision in the Official Journal of the European Union or at a later date specified therein. It shall not affect the validity of any delegated acts already in force.

Changed:6. A delegatedDelegated actacts adopted pursuant to Article 1910(2) or Article 22(1) to (7) shall enter into force only if no objection has been expressed either by the European Parliament or by the Council within a period of 2two months of notification of that act to the European Parliament and to the Council or if, before the expiry of that period, the European Parliament and the Council have both informed the Commission that they will not object. That period shall be extended by two months at the initiative of the European Parliament or of the Council.

Changed:Article 2124 Committee procedure

Changed:Article 21a25 Amendment to Regulation (EU) 2022/869

Changed:Article 7(8),In firstArticle subparagraph,7(8) of Regulation (EU) 2022/8692022/869, the first subparagraph is replaced by the following:

Changed:“With‘With regard to the environmental impacts addressed in Article 6(4) of Directive 92/43/EEC, Article 4(7) of Directive 2000/60/EC and ArticlesArticle 4(8)4(14) and (8a)(15) and Article 5(8)5(11) and (8a)(12) of [the proposal forRegulation a(EU) Regulation…/… of the European Parliament and of the Council on nature restoration],Council*+, provided that all the conditions set out in those Directives and that Regulation are fulfilled, projects on the Union list shall be considered as being of public interest from an energy policy perspective, and may be considered as having an overriding public interest.”interest.’

Removed:Article 22 Review

Added:_____________

Removed:1. The Commission shall evaluate ▌ this Regulation by 31 December 2030 and every two years thereafter to assess the impact of this Regulation, in particular on the agricultural sector and the supply of safe and secure food, as well as the socio-economic impacts of this Regulation, especially in rural areas. [Am. 45]

Added:* Regulation (EU) …/… of … on nature restoration and amending Regulation (EU) 2022/869 (OJ L , , p. ).”.

Changed:Article 23 Entry into force

Removed:It shall apply from the date where the Commission has provided robust and scientific data to the European Parliament and to the Council on the necessary conditions to guarantee long term food security, thereby respecting the need of arable land under conventional and ecological agriculture, the impact of nature restoration on food production, food availability and food prices. The Commission shall publish a notice in the Official Journal of the European Union indicating the date from which this Regulation applies. [Am. 135]

Removed:It shall apply from the date where the condition set out in Article 11(2a) is met. The Commission shall publish a notice in the Official Journal of the European Union indicating the date from which this Regulation applies. [Am. 136]

Changed:Done at Brussels,…,

Changed:ANNEX I TERRESTRIAL, COASTAL AND FRESHWATER ECOSYSTEMS – HABITAT TYPES AND GROUPS OF HABITAT TYPES REFERRED TO IN ARTICLE 4(1) AND 4(2)(4)

Changed:The list below includes all terrestrial, coastal and freshwater habitat types listed in Annex I ofto Directive 92/43/EEC referred to in Article 4(1) and 4(2),(4), as well as six groups of those habitat types, namely 1) Wetlandswetlands (coastal and inland), 2) Grasslandsgrasslands and other pastoral habitats, 3) River,river, lake, alluvial and riparian habitats, 4) Forests,forests, 5) Steppe,steppe, heath and scrub habitats and 6) Rockyrocky and dune habitats.

Removed:ANNEX II MARINE ECOSYSTEMS – HABITAT TYPES AND GROUPS OF HABITAT TYPES REFERRED TO IN ARTICLE 5(1) AND 5(2)

Added:ANNEX II

Removed:The list below includes the marine habitat types referred to in Article 5(1) and 5(2), as well as seven groups of those habitat types, namely 1) Seagrass beds, 2) Macroalgal forests, 3) Shellfish beds, 4) Maerl beds, 5) Sponge, coral and coralligenous beds, 6) Vents and seeps and 7) Soft sediments (above 1000 meters of depth). The relation with the habitat types listed in Annex I of Directive 92/43/EEC is also presented.

Added:MARINE ECOSYSTEMS – HABITAT TYPES AND GROUPS OF HABITAT TYPES REFERRED TO IN ARTICLE 5(1) AND (2)

Changed:7. Group 7: Soft sediments (above(not 1000deeper metersthan 1 000 metres of depth)

Changed:ANNEX III MARINE SPECIES REFERRED TO IN ARTICLE 5(3)5(5)

Changed:(8)(6) reef manta ray (Manta(Mobula alfredi);

Changed:(9)(7) giant manta ray (Manta(Mobula birostris);

Changed:(19)(16) Norwegian skate (Raja (Dipturus)(Dipturus nidarosiensis);

Changed:(20)(17) white skate (Raja(Rostroraja alba);

Removed:▌ [Am. 47]

Added:ANNEX IV LIST OF BIODIVERSITY INDICATORS FOR AGRICULTURAL ECOSYSTEMS REFERRED TO IN ARTICLE 11(2)

Changed:The Farmlandcommon Birdfarmland Indexbird (FBI)index summarises population trends of common and widespread birds of farmland and is intended as a proxy to assess the biodiversity status of agricultural ecosystems in Europe. The national FBIcommon farmland bird index is a composite, multispecies index that measures the rate of change in the relative abundance of farmland bird species across selected survey sites at national level. TheThat index is based on specially selected species that are dependent on farmland habitats for feeding andor nesting, or nesting.both. National common farmland bird indices are based on species sets that are relevant to each Member State. The national common farmland bird index is calculated with reference to a base year when the index value is typically set at 100. Trend values express the overall population change in the population size of the constituent farmland birds over a period of years.

Changed:“Member‘Member States with historically more depleted populations of farmland birds”birds’ means Member States where half or more species contributing to the national common farmland bird index have a negative long-term population trend. In Member States,States where information on long-term population trends is not available for some species, information on the European status of species is used.

Added:Germany

Removed:Finland

Added:Spain

Removed:Germany

Removed:Hungary

Added:Hungary

Removed:Spain

Added:Finland

Changed:“Member‘Member States with historically less depleted populations of farmland birds”birds’ means Member States where less than half of species contributing to the national common farmland bird index have a negative long-term population trend. In Member States, where information on long-term population trends is not available for some species, information on the European status of species is used.

Removed:Austria

Added:Ireland

Added:Greece

Removed:Greece

Removed:Ireland

Added:Austria

Removed:Slovakia

Added:Slovakia

Changed:ANNEX VI LIST OF BIODIVERSITY INDICATORS FOR FOREST ECOSYSTEMS REFERRED TO IN ARTICLE 10(2)12(2) AND 10(2a)12(3)

Changed:LIST OF EXAMPLES OF RESTORATION MEASURES REFERRED TO IN ARTICLE 11(8)14(16)

Changed:(6) Remove longitudinal and lateral barriers (suchbarriers,such as dikes and dams),dams; give more space to river dynamics and restore free-flowing river stretches.

Changed:(7) Re-naturalise river bedsriverbeds and lakes and lowland watercourses byby, e.g.for example. removing artificial bed fixation, optimising substrate composition, improving or developing habitat cover.

Changed:(9) Establish riparian buffers, e.g.such as riparian forests, buffer strips, meadows or pastures.

Changed:(11) Work towards a diversified forest structure in terms ofof, e.g.for example, species composition and age, enable natural regeneration and succession of tree species.

Changed:(13)(14) Make use of “close-to-nature”‘close-to-nature’ or “continuous‘continuous cover”cover’ forestry approaches; introduce native tree species.

Changed:(14)(15) Enhance the development of old-growth native forests and mature standsstands, (e.g.for example, by abandonment of harvesting or by active mangagementmanagement which favours development of autoregulatory functions and appropriate resilience).resilience.

Changed:(18)(19) Stop or reduce the use of chemical pesticides as well as chemical and animal manure fertilizers.fertilisers.

Changed:(22)(23) Allow ecosystems to develop their own natural dynamics for example by abandoning harvesting and promoting naturalness,naturalness and wilderness.

Changed:(23)(24) Remove and control invasive alien species, and prevent or minimizeminimise new introductions.

Changed:(26)(27) Provide structures or substrates to encourage the return of marine life,life forin examplesupport coral/oyster/boulderof the restoration of coral, oyster or boulder reefs.

Changed:(27a)(29) Restore or improve the state of characteristic native spiciesspecies population vital to the ecology of marine habitats by conducting passive or active restoration measures, e.g.for example, introducing juveniles.

Changed:(29)(31) Increase urban green spaces with ecological features, such as parks, trees and woodland patches ▌, green roofs, wildflower grasslands, gardens, city horticulture, tree-lined streets, urban meadows and hedges, ponds and watercourses, taking into considerationconsideration, inter aliaalia, species diversity, native species, local conditions and resilience to climate change.

Added:ANNEX TO THE LEGISLATIVE RESOLUTION

Added:Commission statement on access to justice on the occasion of the adoption of Regulation 2024/...+ of the European Parliament and of the Council on nature restoration and amending Regulation (EU) 2022/869

Added:The EU and its Member States are parties to the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE) Convention on Access to Information, Public Participation in Decision-making and Access to Justice in Environmental Matters of 25 June 1998 (the ‘Aarhus Convention’).

Added:Member States should ensure that members of the public concerned, who have a sufficient interest or that maintain the impairment of a right in accordance with national law, have access to a review procedure before a court of law, or an independent and impartial body established by law, to challenge the substantive or procedural legality of the national restoration plans and any failures to act of the competent authorities, regardless of the role members of the public concerned have played during the process for preparing and establishing such national restoration plans. This shall be in line with the relevant case law of the Court of Justice of the European Union related to access to justice in environmental matters and in full respect of the obligations Member States have undertaken as parties to the Aarhus Convention.