On the escalation of the war and the humanitarian catastrophe in Sudan

–having regard to the substantial humanitarian assistance provided by the European Commission and Member States, including the EUR 522 million pledged in 2025 and additional emergency funding in response to recent escalations, aimed at addressing famine, displacement, healthcare needs, and basic services for populations in Sudan and neighbouring regions;

–having regard to Rule 136(2) of its Rules of Procedure,

A.whereas the conflict between the Sudanese Armed Forces (SAF) and the Rapid Support Forces (RSF) has continued to escalate, driving the country into one of the gravest humanitarian crises of the century and threatening its unity, sovereignty and territorial integrity;

B.whereas more than half of Sudan’s population is now in need of humanitarian assistance, with famine confirmed in several regions, widespread displacement both internally and across borders, and severe obstacles preventing aid agencies from reaching affected populations;

C.whereas both parties to the conflict have repeatedly violated international humanitarian law and human rights law, committing indiscriminate attacks on civilians, ethnically and religiously targeted violence, mass sexual violence (including child rape), forced recruitment of children as soldiers, arbitrary detentions and other grave abuses;

D.whereas humanitarian organisations continue to face severe bureaucratic, administrative and security impediments that restrict their ability to operate freely, safely, and effectively in Sudan, despite repeated calls from the international community – including the EU – for unimpeded access;

E.whereas the seizure by the RSF of strategic locations, including the city of El Fasher, has further intensified the conflict, increased civilian casualties, fuelled ethnic tensions, and heightened the risk of mass atrocities and regional destabilisation;

F.whereas external support – including the provision of weapons, financing, and logistical assistance – continues to contribute to the escalation of the conflict, despite calls by the EU and the wider international community for all states to cease material support to the warring parties;

G.whereas the EU has committed substantial financial and operational support to addressing the increasingly dire humanitarian situation, including emergency funding, development assistance and EU Humanitarian Air Bridge operations to reach otherwise inaccessible populations;

H.whereas the continuation and expansion of the EU’s restrictive measures against individuals and entities responsible for undermining peace and stability in Sudan reflects the EU’s determination to promote accountability and prevent a further deterioration of the situation;

I.whereas religious communities are facing increasing persecution in the context of the ongoing war, with churches and other places of worship regularly being attacked, looted, occupied, or destroyed by the parties to the conflict, in some cases deliberately targeted or used for military purposes, in violation of international humanitarian law and human rights law;

J.whereas Christians, who constitute approximately 5 % of Sudan’s population, are facing mounting persecution amid the ongoing war, with churches and other Christian institutions being attacked, shelled, occupied or otherwise damaged by parties to the conflict, and in some cases exposed to deliberate targeting or the unlawful military use of places of worship, in violation of international humanitarian law and international human rights law;

K.whereas mediation efforts by regional and international actors, including the UN and the African Union, require renewed political commitment from the parties to the conflict and sustained support from the international community to create the conditions necessary for peace and civilian-led governance;

L.whereas during and after the 18-month siege of El Fasher, RSF forces committed mass killings, sexual violence, abductions, torture and attacks on hospitals and internal displacement sites;

M.whereas the ongoing conflict in Sudan threatens regional stability and creates conditions conducive to the presence and expansion of Islamist and terrorist groups, thereby further destabilising Sudan and neighbouring countries;

N.whereas non-Arab African communities in regions such as Darfur, including the Fur, Masalit and Zaghawa groups, continue to suffer from structural marginalisation, social exclusion and targeted violence based on ethnicity, with serious implications for the protection of human rights and regional stability;

1.Strongly condemns the escalating violence in Sudan and the grave violations of international law committed by all parties; calls on all parties to fully respect international humanitarian law and the commitments made under the Jeddah Declaration, to protect civilians and ensure rapid, safe and unhindered humanitarian access throughout Sudan; urges the SAF and RSF to end indiscriminate attacks on civilian infrastructure and to guarantee safe passage for civilians seeking to flee conflict-affected zones;

2.Strongly condemns the deliberate targeting, damage, shelling and occupation of churches, schools and other Christian institutions in Sudan by parties to the conflict; calls for independent investigations, the identification of those responsible and the adoption of appropriate accountability measures, and urges the EU and the wider international community to strengthen protection and targeted humanitarian assistance for Sudan’s Christian minority, supporting the pastoral, educational and social institutions that continue to provide essential services to the population despite the ongoing war;

3.Calls for an immediate and lasting ceasefire, for a Sudanese-led and inclusive political process, and for full respect for international humanitarian and human rights law; stresses that there is no viable military solution to the conflict in Sudan, and that the continuation of hostilities inflicts unacceptable suffering on civilians and poses increasing risks to regional peace and security;

4.Calls on the EU to remain fully engaged in diplomatic efforts aimed at supporting a sustainable political settlement and the long-term stabilisation and reconstruction of Sudan;

5.Calls on the international community, including regional actors, to cease the supply of weapons, financing and logistical support to any of the parties to the conflict, and to support coordinated diplomatic efforts led by the UN and the African Union;

6.Urges the EU and its Member States to continue strengthening humanitarian assistance to Sudan and neighbouring countries hosting displaced populations, prioritising food security, healthcare, protection services, and the needs of women and children;

7.Calls for the EU to maintain and, if necessary, expand, restrictive measures against individuals and entities responsible for atrocities, the obstruction of humanitarian aid, or actions undermining peace, security and stability in Sudan;

8.Calls for full, independent, and impartial investigations into all alleged violations of international law by all parties, including sexual violence, targeted killings, the deliberate use of starvation through the obstruction of humanitarian aid, the intentional destruction of livelihoods and the blocking of essential resources, with a view to ensuring accountability and preventing impunity, stressing the fact that these are serious violations of basic human rights and international humanitarian law, and have devastating impacts on civilians in a context of pre-existing humanitarian crises;

9.Stresses that Sudan’s future cannot be shaped by violent extremist groups and networks, which include those linked to the Muslim Brotherhood, whose destabilising influence has long fuelled violence and instability in Sudan and across the region;

10.Calls on all parties to respect places of worship and cease all violations of freedom of religion and belief; stresses the need to protect vulnerable communities, who are particularly exposed to and targeted by Islamist groups;

11.Instructs its President to forward this resolution to the Council, the Commission, the Vice-President / High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy, the governments and parliaments of the Member States, the African Union, the Intergovernmental Authority on Development, the United Nations, and the Government and Parliament of Sudan.