What changed between the adopted text of 28 Feb 2024 and the adopted text of 21 Oct 2025

Removed:If the motorcycle is powered by an electric motor, the power to weight ratio of the vehicle shall be at least 0,08 kW/kg;

Removed:(b) Category A2:

Removed:Motorcycle without sidecar, with a power rating of at least 20 kW but not exceeding 35 kW and with a power to weight ratio not exceeding 0,2 kW/kg.

Removed:If the motorcycle is powered by an internal combustion engine, the cubic capacity of the engine shall be at least 250 cm3.

Removed:If the motorcycle is powered by an electric motor, the power to weight ratio of the vehicle shall be at least 0,15 kW/kg;

Removed:(c) Category A:

Removed:Motorcycle without sidecar, whose unladen mass is more than 180 kg, with a power rating of at least 50 kW. A tolerance of 5 kg below the required minimum mass may be accepted by the Member State.

Removed:If the motorcycle is powered by an internal combustion engine, the cubic capacity of the engine shall be at least 600 cm3.

Removed:If the motorcycle is powered by an electric motor, the power to weight ratio of the vehicle shall be at least 0,25 kW/kg.

Removed:(d) Category B:

Removed:A four-wheeled category B vehicle capable of a speed of at least 100 km/h;

Removed:(e) Category BE:

Removed:A combination, made up of a category B test vehicle and a trailer with a maximum authorised mass of at least 1 000 kg, capable of a speed of at least 100 km/h, which does not fall within category B; the cargo compartment of the trailer shall consist of a closed box body which is at least as wide and as high as the motor vehicle; the closed box body may also be slightly less wide than the motor vehicle provided that the view to the rear is only possible by use of the external rear-view mirrors of the motor vehicle; the trailer shall be presented with a minimum of 800 kg real total mass;

Removed:(f) Category B1:

Removed:A motor-powered quadricycle capable of a speed of at least 60 km/h;

Removed:(g) Category C:

Removed:A category C vehicle with a maximum authorised mass of at least 12 000 kg, a length of at least 8 m, a width of at least 2,40 m and capable of a speed of at least 80 km/h; fitted with anti-lock brakes, equipped with recording equipment as defined by Regulation (EU) No 165/2014; the cargo compartment shall consist of a closed box body which is at least as wide and as high as the cab; the vehicle shall be presented with a minimum of 10 000 kg real total mass; [Am. 163]

Removed:(h) Category CE:

Removed:Either an articulated vehicle or a combination of a category C test vehicle and a trailer of at least 7,5 m in length; both the articulated vehicle and the combination shall have a maximum authorised mass of at least 20 000 kg, a length of at least 14 m and a width of at least 2,40 m, shall be capable of a speed of at least 80 km/h, fitted with anti-lock brakes, fitted with a fifth wheel, equipped with a gearbox having at least eight forward ratios and recording equipment as defined by Regulation (EU) No 165/2014; the cargo compartment shall consist of a closed box body which is at least as wide and as high as the cab; both the articulated vehicle and the combination shall be presented with a minimum of 15 000 kg real total mass; [Am. 164]

Removed:(i) Category C1:

Removed:A subcategory C1 vehicle with a maximum authorised mass of at least 4 000 kg, with a length of at least 5 m and capable of a speed of at least 80 km/h; fitted with anti-lock brakes and equipped with recording equipment as defined by Regulation (EU) No 165/2014; the cargo compartment shall consist of a closed box body which is at least as wide and as high as the cab; [Am. 165]

Removed:(j) Category C1E:

Removed:A combination made up of a subcategory C1 test vehicle and a trailer with a maximum authorised mass of at least 1 250 kg; this combination shall be at least 8 m in length and capable of a speed of at least 80 km/h; the cargo compartment of the trailer shall consist of a closed box body which is at least as wide and as high as the cab; the closed box body may also be slightly less wide than the cab provided that the view to the rear is only possible by use of the external rear-view mirrors of the motor vehicle; the trailer shall be presented with a minimum of 800 kg real total mass; [Am. 166]

Removed:(k) Category D:

Removed:A category D vehicle with a length of at least 10 m, a width of at least 2,40 m and capable of a speed of at least 80 km/h; fitted with anti-lock brakes and equipped with recording equipment as defined by Regulation (EU) No 165/2014;

Removed:(l) Category DE:

Removed:A combination made up of a category D test vehicle and a trailer with a maximum authorised mass of at least 1 250 kg, a width of at least 2,40 m and capable of a speed of at least 80 km/h; the cargo compartment of the trailer shall consist of a closed box body which is at least 2 m wide and 2 m high; the trailer shall be presented with a minimum of 800 kg real total mass; [Am. 167]

Removed:(m) Category D1:

Removed:A subcategory D1 vehicle with a maximum authorised mass of at least 4 000 kg, with a length of at least 5 m and capable of a speed of at least 80 km/h; fitted with anti-lock brakes and equipped with recording equipment as defined by Regulation (EU) No 165/2014;

Removed:(n) Category D1E:

Removed:A combination made up of a subcategory D1 test vehicle and a trailer with a maximum authorised mass of at least 1 250 kg and capable of a speed of at least 80 km/h; the cargo compartment of the trailer shall consist of a closed box body which is at least 2 m wide and 2 m high; the trailer shall be presented with a minimum of 800 kg real total mass;

Removed:6. Skills and behaviour to be tested concerning categories A1, A2 and A

Removed:(1) Preparation and technical check of the vehicle with a bearing on road safety

Removed:Applicants shall demonstrate that they are capable of preparing to ride safely by satisfying the following requirements:

Removed:(a) adjust the protective outfit, such as gloves, boots, clothes and safety helmet;

Removed:(b) perform a random check on the condition of the tyres, brakes, steering, emergency stop switch (if applicable), chain, oil levels, lights, reflectors, direction indicators and audible warning device.

Removed:(2) Special manoeuvres to be tested with a bearing on road safety:

Removed:(a) putting the motorcycle on and off its stand and moving it, without the aid of the engine, by walking alongside the vehicle;

Removed:(b) parking the motorcycle on its stand;

Removed:(c) at least two manoeuvres to be executed at slow speed, including a slalom; this shall allow competence to be assessed in handling of the clutch in combination with the brake, balance, vision direction and position on the motorcycle and the position of the feet on the foot rests;

Removed:(d) at least two manoeuvres to be executed at higher speed, of which one manoeuvre in second or third gear, at least 30 km/h and one manoeuvre avoiding an obstacle at a minimum speed of 50 km/h; this shall allow competence to be assessed in the position on the motorcycle, vision direction, balance, steering technique and technique of changing gears;

Removed:(e) braking: at least two braking exercises shall be executed, including an emergency brake at a minimum speed of 50 km/h; this shall allow competence to be assessed in handling of the front and rear brake, vision direction and the position on the motorcycle.

Removed:(3) Behaviour in traffic

Removed:Applicants shall perform all the following actions in normal traffic situations, in complete safety and taking all necessary precautions:

Removed:(a) riding away: after parking, after a stop in traffic; exiting a driveway;

Removed:(b) riding on straight roads; passing oncoming vehicles, including in confined spaces;

Removed:(c) riding round bends;

Removed:(d) crossroads: approaching and crossing of intersections and junctions;

Removed:(e) changing direction: left and right turns; changing lanes, making a U turn; [Am. 169]

Removed:(f) approach/exit of motorways or similar (if available): joining from the acceleration lane; leaving on the deceleration lane;

Removed:(g) overtaking/passing: overtaking other traffic (if possible)including cyclists, micro-mobility users, pedestrians; riding alongside obstacles, for instance parked cars; being overtaken by other traffic (if appropriate); [Am. 170]

Removed:(h) special road features (if available): roundabouts; railway level crossings, bike lanes; tram/bus stops; pedestrian crossings; riding up-/downhill on long slopes; tunnels; [Am. 171]

Removed:(ha) interaction with other vehicles, including foreseeing blind spots and adequate use of direction indicators; [Am. 172]

Removed:(i) reacting and anticipating to hazardous situations using simulators;

Removed:(j) taking the necessary precautions when getting off the vehicle, especially regarding cyclists. [Am. 173]

Removed:7. Skills and behaviour to be tested concerning categories B, B1 and BE

Removed:(1) Preparation and technical check of the vehicle with a bearing on road safety

Removed:Applicants shall demonstrate that they are capable of preparing to drive safely by satisfying the following requirements:

Removed:(a) adjusting the seat as necessary to obtain a correct seated position;

Removed:(b) adjusting rear-view mirrors, seat belts and head restraints if available;